The Movements of the Stomach and Intestines in Some Surgical Conditions

Cannon, W. B.; Murphy, Fred T.

doi:10.1097/00000658-190604000-00004

Cited by 105 publications

(27 citation statements)

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“…Cannon et al and Nygaard demonstrated the stasis of the intraluminal contents at the oral side of a side-to-side anastomosis [15,16]. These findings supported our postulation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Comparison of Postoperative Motility in Hand-Sewn End-to-End Anastomosis and Functional End-to-End Anastomosis: An Experimental Study in Conscious Dogs

et al. 2009

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“…Cannon et al and Nygaard demonstrated the stasis of the intraluminal contents at the oral side of a side-to-side anastomosis [15,16]. These findings supported our postulation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Comparison of Postoperative Motility in Hand-Sewn End-to-End Anastomosis and Functional End-to-End Anastomosis: An Experimental Study in Conscious Dogs

et al. 2009

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“…Postoperative ileus, defined as a decrease or temporary loss of organized aboral progression of gastroin- testinal contents following abdominal surgery [6,25], remains a major cause of morbidity in surgical patients. This disorder is directly responsible for substantial patient discomfort and prolonged hospital stays due to abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Products of Cyclooxygenase-2 Catalysis Regulate Postoperative Bowel Motility

Josephs

Cheng

Ksontini

et al. 1999

Journal of Surgical Research

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“…In the frog (39), destruction of the spinal cord or of the ganglia and mesenteric nerves increased motor activity. In dogs (13) and rabbits (66) ileus (absence of propulsion) is relieved or pre vented by section of the splanchnic nerves. Popielski (68) found that re moval of the prevertebral ganglia in dogs resulted in severe chronic diarrhea associated with increased motor activity.…”

Section: Peripheral Reflexes Between Prevertebral Ganglia and The Gi mentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiology of Mammalian Prevertebral Ganglia

Szurszewski¹

1981

Annu. Rev. Physiol.

139

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When assessing the physiological role of the prevertebral ganglia, the following should be considered. Ganglion cells in these ganglia receive continuous excitatory synaptic input from peripheral sensory mechanoreceptors and central preganglionic neurons. The latter may result from sensory afferents projecting from the gastrointestinal tract to spinal preganglionic neurons or as a result of endogenous oscillator activity located in the spinal cord (18) or within the ganglion (45). Peripheral and spinal reflex pathways probably do not operate as separate, independent pathways. Rather, they must be considered functionally integrated in the prevertebral ganglia. Because of continuous synaptic input, the prevertebral neuron operates at some level of "neurogenic tone" that provides capabilities for bi-directional responses. An increase in spinal or peripheral synaptic input will be matched by a proportional increase in output firing. The functional effect of spatial summation of peripheral and central input is to prime the prevertebral neuron so that adjustments in its firing frequency can be made without the lag inherent in building up a response in a quiescent system. Not all prevertebral ganglia participate in reflex activity. It may be that reflex activity between prevertebral ganglia and visceral smooth muscle depends upon the nature of the mechanical activity of the muscle. For example, the mechanical activity of smooth muscle of the vas deferens is not characterized by spontaneous, myogenic, regularly occurring contractions. Mechanical activity in this organ occurs in bursts. There is no evidence to suggest that sensory fibers project from the wall of the vas deferens to the hypogastric plexus thereby forming a peripheral reflex arc. Contraction of th smooth muscle of the vas deferens is brought about by bursts of nerve impulses through simple relay connections in the pelvic plexus. Smooth muscles supplied by this ganglion have a direct line to the central nervous system and are secured by a "fail-safe" system. In contrast, the mechanical activity of the gastrointestinal system is characterized by slow spontaneous myogenic activity. Pattern formation of motor activity is achieved by reflex activity within the enteric plexuses. Extrinsic alteration of the nature and pattern of contraction of smooth muscle of the gastrointestinal tract would be best served by prevertebral ganglia that modulate and adjust motor function by continuous integration of convergent weak synaptic input emanating from the peripheral and central nervous systems. When a prevertebral neuron is part of a peripheral reflex loop, its physiological role may be to modulate end organ activity; when it does not participate in a peripheral reflex loop, its role may be to relay CNS input and initiate end organ activity.

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The Movements of the Stomach and Intestines in Some Surgical Conditions

Abstract: arc given by stomach tube 25 c.c. mashed potato mixed with 5 gms. bismuth subnitrate, gastric peristalsis begins soon

Cited by 105 publications

References 0 publications

Comparison of Postoperative Motility in Hand-Sewn End-to-End Anastomosis and Functional End-to-End Anastomosis: An Experimental Study in Conscious Dogs

Comparison of Postoperative Motility in Hand-Sewn End-to-End Anastomosis and Functional End-to-End Anastomosis: An Experimental Study in Conscious Dogs

Products of Cyclooxygenase-2 Catalysis Regulate Postoperative Bowel Motility

Physiology of Mammalian Prevertebral Ganglia

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