The Mutations of Topoisomerase Genes and Their Effect on Resistance to Fluoroquinolones in Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli

Lorestani, Roya Chegene; Akya, Alisha; Elahi, Azam

doi:10.5812/jjnpp.57964

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The main role in the development of resistance to quinolones and fluoroquinolones in E. coli is played by mutations in the area that determines resistance to quinolones (QRDR), which change the target of the drug, reduce the concentration of antibiotics in bacterial cells due to efflux pumps by modifying inflows and outflows; and the acquisition of plasmid-mediated resistance genes (PMQRs), which produce a protein that protects quinolone targets from inhibition [14,15]. In addition, a high frequency of resistance to fluoroquinolones was found among isolates of E. coli producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases, indicating cluster transfer of resistance genes [15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Results of dynamic monitoring of the spectrum of bacterial causes of acute urinary tract infections in children

2023

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The aim of the study: to explore in dynamics the structure of pathogens in children of Zaporizhzhia region with acute urinary tract infections and the possible changes in their antibiotic susceptibility. Materials and methods. We analysed results of urine culture in 439 children aged 4 to 18 years with acute urinary tract infection (293 patients in 2014–2016 and 146 patients in 2018–2020). Determination of bacterial species and susceptibility to antibiotics was performed on a bacteriological analyzer VITEK 2 COMPACT (bioMerieux, France) using AES software: Global CLSI-based + Phenotypic (2014, 2018) in accordance with CLSI and EUCAST tables. The coefficient of antibiotic resistance was additionally calculated for each isolate. Results. According to the analysis of bacteriological monitoring, it was found that in 2018–2020 compared to 2014–2016 among the causative agents of acute urinary tract infections in children, the role of gram-negative bacteria had raised due to increasing the proportion of Escherichia сoli and Proteus mirabilis. Gram-positive microflora has been represented by bacteria of the genus Enterococcus, in 2018–2020 in most samples was isolated Enterococcus faecium (28.1 %), in 2014–2016 among the representatives Enterococcus faecalis prevailed (38.9 %). The analysis of antibiotic resistance showed that in 2018–2020 the number of resistant strains of E. coli to amikacin increased 6.8 times to 2014–2016 (Р < 0.01) and there was a decrease in the sensitivity of Enterococcus to aminopenicillins from 91.4 % to 41.3 % (P < 0.01). Among bacteria of the genus Enterococcus the average values of the coefficient of resistance to antibiotics in 2018–2020 increased 3.75 times compared to 2014–2016 due to a 2.3-fold increase in the frequency of multidrug-resistant strains (P < 0.05). Conclusions. The obtained data are convincing evidence of the need for mandatory bacteriological examination of urine before antibacterial therapy to increase the effectiveness of therapeutic measures, prevention of the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance. An increase in resistance of E. coli to amikacin and Enterococcus spp. to ampicillin does not allow the use of these drugs as empirical therapy of acute urinary tract infections in children.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Results of dynamic monitoring of the spectrum of bacterial causes of acute urinary tract infections in children

2023

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“…Strains of 3GC-R- Ec are also frequently resistant to fluoroquinolones, with resistance to the latter resulting from either mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining regions (QRDRs) of the chromosomal topoisomerases GyrA and ParC or the acquisition of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes [ 13 , 14 ]. Multiple lines of evidence supported by experimental models and studies of genetic relationships indicate that some avian strains of E. coli may share similar pathogenic features to extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) strains in humans [ 15 , 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Features of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli from Poultry in Mayabeque Province, Cuba

et al. 2021

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A total of 434 poultry cloacal samples were collected from seven different farms in different years (2013–2015) in the Cuban province of Mayabeque and analyzed for the presence of third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli (3GC-R-Ec). Sixty-two 3GC-R-Ec isolates were recovered in total from the farms, with detection rates of 2.9% in 2013, 10.3% in 2014, and 28.7% in 2015. Characterization of 32 3GC-R-Ec isolates revealed the presence of the extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) genes blaCTX-M-1 (n = 27), blaCTX-M-15 (n = 4), and blaCTX-M-1 together with blaLAP-2 (n = 1). The isolates also contained different proportions of genes conferring decreased susceptibility to sulfonamides (sul1, sul2, sul3), trimethoprim (dfrA1, dfrA7, dfrA12, dfrA14, dfrA17), tetracyclines (tet(A), tet(B)), aminoglycosides (aac(6′)-Ib-cr, strA, strB), chloramphenicol (cmlA1, floR), macrolides (mph(A), mph(D)), and quinolones (qnrS, qnrB, aac(6′)-Ib-cr) as well as mutations in the fluoroquinolone-resistance determining regions of GyrA (S83L, D87N, D87Y) and ParC (S80I, E84G). The isolates belonged to 23 different sequence types and to phylogroups A (n = 25), B1 (n = 5), and D (n = 2), and they contained plasmid-associated incompatibility groups FII, X1, HI1, HI2, N, FIA, and FIB. These findings reveal a genetically diverse population of multiresistant ESBL-producing E. coli in poultry farms in Cuba, which suggests multiple sources of contamination and the acquisition of antibiotic resistance genes.

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Profile of gyrA gene mutation in clinical isolate of levofloxacin resistant Escherichia coli

Fahmi

Suharjono

Kuntaman

2021

Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology

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Objectives Escherichia coli is one of the pathogenic bacteria that caused a nosocomial infection. Levofloxacin is one of the fluoroquinolones group antibiotics which is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that works effectively against E. coli. The mutation can happen in the bacteria which caused a resistant effect in the use of antibacterial. This study aimed at identifying mutation in gene gyrA among E. coli that were resistant to levofloxacin. Methods The susceptibility of E . coli was determined by disk diffusion. PCR and sequencing were performed to identify the mutation in gyrA. Results A total of 10 isolates showed result resistance to levofloxacin and gyrA gene mutation in the amino acid changes. Nucleotide sequence analysis revealed a point mutation in QRDR (quinolone resistance determining region) of gyrA Ser83→Leu, Asp87→Asn. The silent mutation was also found at codon Val85, Arg91, Ser111, Thr123. Conclusions Mutation in the gyrA gene affect the occurrence of bacterial resistance of E. coli to levofloxacin.

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The Mutations of Topoisomerase Genes and Their Effect on Resistance to Fluoroquinolones in Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli

Abstract: Background: Fluoroquinolones have been used for empirical treatment of urinary tract infections in recent years. This study aimed at identifying mutations in gyrA and parC genes and their correlation with fluoroquinolone minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC)

Cited by 4 publications

References 29 publications

Results of dynamic monitoring of the spectrum of bacterial causes of acute urinary tract infections in children

Results of dynamic monitoring of the spectrum of bacterial causes of acute urinary tract infections in children

Genetic Features of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli from Poultry in Mayabeque Province, Cuba

Profile of gyrA gene mutation in clinical isolate of levofloxacin resistant Escherichia coli

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