The need for Group IIA secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2-IIA) inhibitors in inflammatory ocular disease treatment

Abstract

The highly cationic nature of sPLA 2 -IIA allows the enzyme to bind and hydrolyze an anionic phospholipid on the cell membrane, especially when damaged and stressed, causing the release of lysophospholipid and free fatty acid. These products are eventually converted into eicosanoids such as arachidonic acid, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins, leading to inflammation. Recent studies have shown that a high level of sPLA 2 -IIA is associated with ocular inflammatory diseases, including dry eye disease, chronic blepharitis and allergic conjunctivitis. Therefore, inhibition of sPLA 2 -IIA may serve as a promising strategy to alleviate ocular inflammation. In this review, we survey the current literature of sPLA 2 -IIA on inflammatory diseases and aim to provide new insight into the study of sPLA 2 -IIA inhibition for inflammatory ocular diseases.