The Neonatal Nurse's Role in Preventing Abusive Head Trauma

Abstract

Background Abusive head trauma in infants occurs in 24.6 to 39.8 per 100,000 infants in developed countries. Abusive head trauma refers to any type of intentional head trauma an infant sustains, as a result of an injury to the skull or intracranial contents from a blunt force and/or violent shaking. Clinical Question What evidence-based interventions have been implemented by neonatal nurses to prevent abusive head trauma in infants? Search Strategy: PubMed was search to obtain English language publications from 2005 to May 2014 for interventions focused on preventing abusive head trauma using key terms ‘shaken baby syndrome’. Search Yield A total of 10 studies were identified that met the inclusion criteria. All of the interventions targeted prevention of abusive head trauma with information about abusive head trauma/shaken baby syndrome and the ‘normal’ infant crying behaviors. Main Findings Interventions taught parents why infants cried, how to calm the infants, ways to cope with inconsolable infants, and how to develop a plan for what to do if they could not cope anymore. Parents who participated in the interventions were consistently able to explain the information and tell others about the dangers of shaking infants compared to the control parents. Only two studies calculated the pre-intervention abusive head trauma rate and the post-intervention frequency of abusive head trauma. Each found significant differences in abusive head trauma.

Shaken baby syndrome of mothers and information about excessive crying and attitudes

“…Erkek bebek, çoğul gebelik, erken doğan bebekler, düşük doğum ağırlığına sahip bebekler, bakıcı ile bebek arasındaki ilişkinin zayıf olması SBS için risk etmenlerindendir (2,7,25) . Çalışmamızda, bebeklerin gestasyon haftaları ve uyku düzenleri ile annelerin bebeklerini sarsmayı düşünme durumlarını etkilemez iken, bebeklerin cinsiyeti ile annelerin bebeklerini sarsma durumları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlılık belirlenmiş olup, erkek bebeklerin daha çok sarsıldığı saptandı (p<0.05).…”

“…Sarsılmış bebek sendromu, istismara bağlı çocuk ölümlerinin ya da yaşamı tehdit edici sonuçların %95'inden sorumlu olup, sıklıkla 2 yaş altındaki bebeklerde rastlanmakla birlikte, 5 yaşa kadar görülebilmektedir (6)(7)(8) . SBS sıklığı kesin olmamakla birlikte, bir yaş altında 21-24,6/100,000 oranında bildirilmekte ve bebeklerinin çoğunun 6 aydan ufak olduğu belirtilmektedir (6) .…”

II. Ikergazte. Nazioarteko ikerketa euskaraz. Kongresuko artikulu bilduma. Osasun Zientziak

“…Aurrez aipatu bezala, Haur Astinduaren Sindromea osasun publikoko arazo larri bat da. Arlo ezberdinetan eragin eta hainbat ondorio sortzen ditu (CDC, 2010;CDC, 2013;Allen, 2014;Barr, 2014).…”

“…Haurrei dagokienez, euren garapen fisiko, sozial eta psikologikoan izaten du eragina. Gaitz konplexua eta aldakortasun handikoa izanik, astinduak izan diren haurrez gain euren familietan ere, maila ezberdinetan, ekonomikoan, psikologikoan etab.ean eragin eta inpaktu handia sortzen duela adierazten den arren, ez da ondorio hauek zeintzuk diren ebidentzian jartzen duen informazio zehatzik (CDC, 2010;Allen, 2014;Barr, 2014) .…”

Public Health Models for Preventing Child Maltreatment

“…Research has shown that prolonged, intractable crying is a risk indicator for stress and, consequently, for shaken baby syndrome. Education programs that teach parents/carers that shaking a baby is dangerous and alerts them to time frames where infants may be prone to unsettled behaviors and strategies to manage that have proven effective and are a good example of a universal service (Allen, 2014). Medical general practitioners (GPs), maternal and child health nurses, and social media can also be vital tools and sources of information for new parents.…”