The New Imaging Techniques in Reconstructive Microsurgery: A New Revolution in Perforator Flaps and Lymphatic Surgery

Imaging in reconstructive microsurgery – current standards and latest trends

“…During the last decade, further imaging techniques have been established that can be applied by the operating surgeons themselves and may be applied pre-, intra-, as well as postoperatively [ 1 ]. The use of color Doppler ultrasound in perforator surgery has first been reported in the 1990s and has gained in popularity when devices have become smaller and the imaging technique has improved over time.…”

“…Pre- and intraoperative imaging of vessels has significantly increased safety and improved outcomes in microsurgery since exact knowledge of individual anatomic variations is crucial for successful preparation of free flaps and shortens OR time. Ultimately, flaps can now be designed based on each patient’s individual perfusion pattern [ 1 ].…”