The Nickel∕Nickel Fluoride Anode in Wet Hydrogen Fluoride

Donohue, John A.; Zletz, Alex; Flannery, R. J.

doi:10.1149/1.2410864

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Although previous experiments have suggested the formation of active nickel fluorides such as NiF 3 or NiF 4 on the Ni anode, compelling physical evidence is still missing. Additionally, the electrochemical polarization and passivation behavior of nickel in various electrolytes such as (anhydrous) HF, organic substrates dissolved in HF, and HF‐containing electrolytes such as NEt 3 ⋅ 3 HF have been intensively investigated in the past . However, a detailed understanding of the ECF process is still missing and the active species in a Simons‐type ECF has not yet been clarified.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining Theory and Experiment to Characterize the Voltammetric Behavior of Nickel Anodes in the Simons Process

Mattsson

Senges

Riedel

et al. 2020

Chemistry A European J

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The Simons process, otherwise known as the electrochemical fluorination (ECF) method, is widely used in industry to electrolytically synthesize chemicals for various purposes. Even to this day, the exact mechanism of the ECF reaction remains unknown, but is believed to involve the formation of an anodic nickel fluoride film with highly oxidized nickel centers. In this study, experiments and density functional theory calculations are combined to characterize the initial anodic peak occurring at potentials typically required in an ECF cell. NiF2 is believed to form a passivating layer at low potentials. The calculations show that a potential of +3.1 V is required to oxidize surface Ni2+ centers to Ni3+. This is in good agreement with the measured anodic peak at +3.57 V.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining Theory and Experiment to Characterize the Voltammetric Behavior of Nickel Anodes in the Simons Process

Mattsson

Senges

Riedel

et al. 2020

Chemistry A European J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…ESCA studies under these conditions have confirmed the presence of a thin oxide layer between the Ni substrate and the NiF 2 film [52]. When the H 2 O content exceeds 2%, anodic polarisation in AHF leads to the formation of OF 2 [47].…”

Section: Liquid Hf Mediummentioning

confidence: 72%

“…The electrocatalytic properties of Ni towards F 2 generation and electrochemical fluorination were also found to improve in the presence of trace levels of water [45,47]. ESCA studies under these conditions have confirmed the presence of a thin oxide layer between the Ni substrate and the NiF 2 film [52].…”

Section: Liquid Hf Mediummentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Even trace levels of water were found to enhance the passivity of Ni in AHF [45,47]. The electrocatalytic properties of Ni towards F 2 generation and electrochemical fluorination were also found to improve in the presence of trace levels of water [45,47].…”

Section: Liquid Hf Mediummentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Attempts have been made to classify different metals according to their stability in liquid HF [45][46][47]. Nickel falls among the most stable group of metals.…”

Section: Liquid Hf Mediummentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrochemistry of metals and semiconductors in fluoride media

Noel

Suryanarayanan

2005

J Appl Electrochem

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The electrochemical surface transformations and diverse applications of a variety of metals and semiconductors in a wide range of fluoride media such as aqueous, non-aqueous media, liquid HF media, room temperature fluoride melts and molten fluoride media with a melting range covering 50-1000°C are reviewed. Nickel shows excellent corrosion resistance in the absence of water. The anodic performance of this metal in electrochemical perfluorination and NF 3 production is discussed. Compact carbon materials serve as anodes in fluorine generators. In high temperature melts, they perform as consumable anodes. Graphitic carbon undergoes intercalation/ de-intercalation process and related battery applications. Cu/CuF 2 couple is a good reference electrode. Pt and vitreous carbon materials are the inert electrodes of choice for electro analytical applications. Electrodeposition of Lithium as a non-dendritic uniform phase is important in Lithium metal based secondary batteries. High temperature fluoride melts are used in electro-deposition of valve metals such as Nb, Ta, and Ti. The stability and decomposition of fluoride complexes in these media are of interest.

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Surface‐polymerization of tetrafluoroethylene on fluorine‐activated metal substrates

Toy

1971

J. polym. sci., C Polym. symp.

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Metals form protective metal fluoride films upon exposure to fluorine. The utilization of the metal fluoride films as catalysts for surface polymerization of tetrafluoroethylene is described. The process consists of a two‐step synthesis: (1) gas phase fluorination of a metal sample to produce a fluoride film on the metal surface and, (2) gas phase polymerization to form a polymeric coating. The fluorocarbon films formed on the metal substrates by the Toy process are fairly adherent, continuous and flexible, except that it is somewhat porous depending on the conditions of fluorination, polymerization, metal compositions, and metal surface preparations. The possible mechanisms of surface‐polymerization are discussed.

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The Nickel∕Nickel Fluoride Anode in Wet Hydrogen Fluoride

Abstract: not Available.

Cited by 13 publications

References 13 publications

Combining Theory and Experiment to Characterize the Voltammetric Behavior of Nickel Anodes in the Simons Process

Combining Theory and Experiment to Characterize the Voltammetric Behavior of Nickel Anodes in the Simons Process

Electrochemistry of metals and semiconductors in fluoride media

Surface‐polymerization of tetrafluoroethylene on fluorine‐activated metal substrates

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