The Nile — One river and nine countries

Kashef, Abdel‐Aziz I.

doi:10.1016/0022-1694(81)90036-6

Cited by 18 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The geology of the Nile Delta basin has been extensively discussed by a number of researchers over several decades (Hurst ; Said , ; Kashef , ). The thickness of the Nile Delta Aquifer increases from about 200 meters in the south, near Cairo, to more than 900 m at the Mediterranean Sea.…”

Section: The Nile Delta Aquifermentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of Seawater Rise on Seawater Intrusion in the Nile Delta Aquifer, Egypt

2013

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Several investigations have recently considered the possible impacts of climate change and seawater level rise on seawater intrusion in coastal aquifers. All have revealed the severity of the problem and the significance of the landward movement of the dispersion zone under the condition of seawater level rise. Most of the studies did not consider the possible effects of the seawater rise on the inland movement of the shoreline and the associate changes in the boundary conditions at the seaside and the domain geometry. Such effects become more evident in flat, low land, coastal alluvial plans where large areas might be submerged with seawater under a relatively small increase in the seawater level. None of the studies combined the effect of increased groundwater pumping, due to the possible decline in precipitation and shortage in surface water resources, with the expected landward shift of the shore line. In this article, the possible effects of seawater level rise in the Mediterranean Sea on the seawater intrusion problem in the Nile Delta Aquifer are investigated using FEFLOW. The simulations are conducted in horizontal view while considering the effect of the shoreline landward shift using digital elevation models. In addition to the basic run (current conditions), six different scenarios are considered. Scenarios one, two, and three assume a 0.5 m seawater rise while the total pumping is reduced by 50%, maintained as per the current conditions and doubled, respectively. Scenarios four, five, and six assume a 1.0 m seawater rise and the total pumping is changed as in the first three scenarios. The shoreline is moved to account for the seawater rise and hence the study domain and the seaside boundary are modified accordingly. It is concluded that, large areas in the coastal zone of the Nile Delta will be submerged by seawater and the coast line will shift landward by several kilometers in the eastern and western sides of the Delta. Scenario six represents the worst case under which the volume of freshwater will be reduced to about 513 km(3) (billion m(3) ).

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Section: The Nile Delta Aquifermentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of Seawater Rise on Seawater Intrusion in the Nile Delta Aquifer, Egypt

2013

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“…The Nile Delta aquifer underlies about 3.0 million acres of fertile lands. Water flowing through the Damietta and Rosetta branches accounts for less than half of the original total northward flow across the Delta plain, that is now captured by artificial waterways comprising over 10,000 km of canals, 2-3 km apart (Kashef, 1981a(Kashef, , 1981b. This huge surface water network interacts with the groundwater system in the Nile Delta Aquifer.…”

Section: The Nile Delta Aquifermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The geology of the Nile Delta basin were extensively discussed by a number of researchers over the last six decades (Hurst, 1952;Said, 1962Said, , 1981Said, , 1993Shata, 1966;Kashef, 1981aKashef, , 1981bSamual et al, 2003). The Nile Delta aquifer is a semi-confined aquifer system increasing in thickness from about 200 m in the south, near Cairo, to more than 900 m at the Mediterranean Sea (Fig.…”

Section: Geology Of the Nile Delta Aquifermentioning

confidence: 99%

Incorporating the concept of equivalent freshwater head in successive horizontal simulations of seawater intrusion in the Nile Delta aquifer, Egypt

Sherif

Sefelnasr

Javadi

2012

Journal of Hydrology

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“…Achieving an equitable allocation of the Nile water among all the riparian states, while maintaining future sustainability, is a major challenge for the Nile basin; it will now have to be shared with an additional country with the establishment of the state of South Sudan. In addition to demographic changes (Kashef, ), all of the riparian states intend to increase irrigated agriculture as a vital part of their plans for economic growth. Therefore, Egypt perceives development of upper reaches of the Nile (particularly in the Blue Nile) as a direct challenge to its vital interests and thus a matter of concern at the highest level.…”

Section: Proposed Schemes To Improve the Water Yield Of The White Nilementioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrology and geomorphology of the Upper White Nile lakes and their relevance for water resources management in the Nile basin

Bastawesy

Gabr

White

2012

Hydrological Processes

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Abstract:Remote sensing data and digital elevation models were utilized to extract the catchment hydrological parameters and to delineate storage areas for the Ugandan Equatorial Lakes region. Available rainfall/discharge data are integrated with these morphometric data to construct a hydrological model that simulates the water balance of the different interconnected basins and enables the impact of potential management options to be examined. The total annual discharges of the basins are generally very low (less than 7% of the total annual rainfall). The basin of the shallow (5 m deep) Lake Kioga makes only a minor hydrological contribution compared with other Equatorial Lakes, because most of the overflow from Lake Victoria basin into Lake Kioga is lost by evaporation and evapotranspiration. The discharge from Lake Kioga could be significantly increased by draining the swamps through dredging and deepening certain channel reaches. Development of hydropower dams on the Equatorial Lakes will have an adverse impact on the annual water discharge downstream, including the occasional reduction of flow required for filling up to designed storage capacities and permanently increasing the surface areas of water that is exposed to evaporation. On the basis of modelling studies, alternative sites are proposed for hydropower development and water storage schemes. Copyright

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The Nile — One river and nine countries

Cited by 18 publications

References 5 publications

Impacts of Seawater Rise on Seawater Intrusion in the Nile Delta Aquifer, Egypt

Impacts of Seawater Rise on Seawater Intrusion in the Nile Delta Aquifer, Egypt

Incorporating the concept of equivalent freshwater head in successive horizontal simulations of seawater intrusion in the Nile Delta aquifer, Egypt

Hydrology and geomorphology of the Upper White Nile lakes and their relevance for water resources management in the Nile basin

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