The Normal Tear Film

Tiffany, John M.

doi:10.1159/000131066

Cited by 192 publications

(145 citation statements)

References 48 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

140

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Although tear volume measurements in this study indicate no apparent deficiency in TSP-1 null mice, it is quite likely that the damaged ocular surface in these mice induces reflex tear (especially fluid) secretion by remaining undamaged portions of lacrimal gland or other sources such as conjunctiva confounding our results. 33,34 This is especially likely as the tears collected were stimulated with injected cholinergic agonist pilocarpine. In human Sjö gren's syndrome, reflex tear deficiency has been reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sjögren’s Syndrome-Like Ocular Surface Disease in Thrombospondin-1 Deficient Mice

Turpie

Yoshimura

Gulati

et al. 2009

The American Journal of Pathology

114

140

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) is a major activator of latent transforming growth factor-␤ in vitro as well as in vivo.Mice deficient in TSP-1, despite appearing normal at birth, develop a chronic form of ocular surface disease that is marked by increased apoptosis and deterioration in the lacrimal gland, associated dysfunction, and development of inflammatory infiltrates that result in abnormal tears. The increase in CD4 ؉ T cells in the inflammatory infiltrates of the lacrimal gland, and the presence of anti-Sjögren's syndrome antigen A and anti-Sjögren's syndrome antigen B antibodies in the serum resemble autoimmune Sjögren's syndrome. These mice develop an ocular surface disorder dry eye that includes disruption of the corneal epithelial layer, corneal edema, and a significant decline in conjuctival goblet cells. Externally, several mice develop dry crusty eyes that eventually close. The inflammatory CD4 ؉ T cells detected in the lacrimal gland, as well as those in the periphery of older TSP-1 null mice, secrete interleukin-17A, a cytokine associated with chronic inflammatory diseases. Antigen-presenting cells, derived from TSP-1 null, but not from wild-type mice, activate T cells to promote the Th17 response. Together, these results indicate that TSP-1 deficiency results in a spontaneous form of chronic dry eye and aberrant histopathology associated with Sjögren's syndrome.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sjögren’s Syndrome-Like Ocular Surface Disease in Thrombospondin-1 Deficient Mice

Turpie

Yoshimura

Gulati

et al. 2009

The American Journal of Pathology

114

140

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The lacrimal gland is made up of acini, ducts, nerves, myoepithelial cells, and plasma cells secreting a tear film interface between the external environment and the ocular surface [95]. Approximately 80%, of the gland are the acinar cells, which secrete electrolytes, water, and proteins [96].…”

Section: Lacrimal Gland Derived Stem Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adult Gland Derived Stem Cells (Gdscs); Potentials, Hurdles and Expectations

M¹

2014

J Stem Cell Res Ther

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Any abnormalities to its structure will affect ocular surface and may alter corneal clarity [10]. It has optical, mechanical, nutritional, and defensive functions [11] (Figure 3).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between Corneal Endothelial Cell Characteristics and Dry Eye Disease

Fahmy¹

2018

MSOR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Normal Tear Film

Abstract: Knowledge of the normal functions of the film provides a basis for later consideration of clinical and surgical treatment of the dry eye.

Cited by 192 publications

References 48 publications

Sjögren’s Syndrome-Like Ocular Surface Disease in Thrombospondin-1 Deficient Mice

Sjögren’s Syndrome-Like Ocular Surface Disease in Thrombospondin-1 Deficient Mice

Adult Gland Derived Stem Cells (Gdscs); Potentials, Hurdles and Expectations

Correlation between Corneal Endothelial Cell Characteristics and Dry Eye Disease

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About