The notorious daredevils: potential toxic levels of cyanide and heavy metals in cassava flour sold in selected markets—taken Oke Ogun Community, Oyo State as an example

Abstract

Pollution spread throughout terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, and many remain transported around the globe by air transport. Furthermore, food as well as production chains remain dispersed through the global economy. Thus, the current study examined the potentially harmful amounts of cyanide as well as trace metals in cassava flour sold in Oke Ogun community township markets. Its goal was to quantify the degrees of Lead, Cyanide, Arsenic and Chromium, evaluate their health impacts on customers, and evaluate WHO-allowable dietary quantities. Using a stratified sampling strategy, five township markets were visited to obtain samples of finely ground fermented cassava flour (Kishi, Igbeti, Igboho, Iseyin, and Shaki). The materials were properly digested before being examined with an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Lead (0.028–0.053 mg/L), Cyanides (0.010–0.018 mg/L), Chromium (0.034–0.065 mg/L) and Arsenic (0.006–0.012 mg/L), were the results obtained. At conclusion, due to the lower content of these metals, the cassava flour sold in Oke Ogun community markets is safe as well as appropriate for human utilization, with no nutritional risk consequences. As a result, it is advised that cassava flour marketed be closely checked and assessed on a continuous basis. Therefore, regular monitoring of toxic metals in Nigeria is strongly advised in order to avoid a significant environmental and public health issue.

The Niger Delta is Under a Pollution Warning: Hydrocarbon profiles in crude oil polluted soil remediated withPleurotus ostreatusandEisenia fitida

“…Environmental pollution emerges as a prominent concern among the multifaceted impacts stemming from human technological progress (Abaya et al, 2023a, b; Erezina et al, 2023a, b; Samuel et al, 2023). This pollution, stemming from various industrial activities and anthropogenic sources, exerts detrimental effects on ecosystems, endangering the well-being of humans, animals, microorganisms, and plants alike (Cook et al, 2016; Morufu and Clinton, 2017; Raimi and Sabinus, 2017a, b; Olalekan et al, 2017b; Raimi et al, 2017; Premoboere and Raimi, 2018; Raimi et al, 2018; Olalekan et al, 2018a, b; Odipe et al, 2018; Raimi et al, 2019a, b, c, d; Suleiman et al, 2019; Raimi, 2019; Olalekan et al, 2019a; Henry et al, 2019a, b; Olalekan et al, 2020; Okoyen et al, 2020; Raimi et al, 2020; Deinkuro et al, 2021a, b; Morufu et al, 2021a, b, c; Afolabi and Morufu, 2021; Koleayo et al, 2021; Olalekan et al, 2021; Afolabi and Raimi, 2021; Raimi et al, 2021a, b; Olalekan et al, 2022a, b; Raimi et al, 2022a, b, c, d, e; Raimi and Sawyerr, 2022; Omoyajowo et al, 2022; Raimi and Odubo, 2022; Digha et al, 2022; Ifeanyichukwu et al, 2022; Clinton-Ezekwe et al, 2022; Stephen et al, 2022; Awogbami et al, 2022; Rauf and Raimi, 2023; Kader et al, 2023; Raheem et al, 2023; Olalekan et al, 2023; Jacob et al, 2023; Raimi et al, 2023; Yusuf et al, 2023; Kader et al, 2023a, b; Glory et al, 2023; Stephen et al, 2023; Sylvester et al, 2023; Saliu et al, 2023; Ayibatonyo et al, 2024a, b; Omoyajowo et al, 2024; Kwen et al, 2024).…”

Geochemical Background and Correlation Study of Ground Water Quality in Ebocha-Obrikom of Rivers State, Nigeria

“…This is the case of exposure to several reports by different authors [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] . Thus, human reliance on groundwater resources has increased dramatically in the last 50-60 years as a result of climate change, rapid urbanization, agricultural development and intensification, food scarcity, population growth and industrialization [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40] , as well as changed consumption patterns pose a remarkable challenge and are contributing toward the rise in groundwater pollution, which has become a severe environmental/public health concern in Rivers State's Ebocha-Obrikom Area in recent years [41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50] . Pollution and a scarcity of surface water are two main causes contributing to the growing demand for groundwater resources.…”