The oldest holocephalan (Chondrichthyes) from the Middle Devonian of the Boulonnais (Pas-de-Calais, France)

Darras, Laurent; Derycke, Claire; Blieck, Alain; Vachard, Daniel

doi:10.1016/j.crpv.2008.04.002

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…If Chondrenchelys is to be used as a hard minimum for the divergence age estimate, we note that this age (336.5 Ma) is approximately 50 million years younger than the oldest tooth plate fragment that has been attributed to the Holocephali, from the Middle Devonian (Givetian) of France (Darras et al 2008). However, rounded and low-crowned teeth or tooth plates with osteodentine or similar histologies evolved independently among several early gnathostome lineages.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The Darras et al . (2008) datum is plausible, but alone it is insufficiently resolved to meet the criteria of a secure fossil marker (Parham et al 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By the time body fossils are observed in the fossil record, holocephalans look decidedly modern, and the stratigraphic incongruence with their outgroups implies a considerable quantity of missing data, even if a Middle to Upper Devonian date for the chondrichthyan crown radiation is postulated (consistent with the isolated tooth plate record: Stahl 1999; Darras et al 2008). Importantly, Chondrenchelys also demonstrates that the suite of cranial apomorphies characterising extant chimaeroids does not constitute a single morphological complex, despite several compelling ontogenetic arguments (Goodrich 1930; de Beer & Moy-Thomas 1935; de Beer 1937).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chondrenchelys problematica(Traquair, 1888) redescribed: a Lower Carboniferous, eel-like holocephalan from Scotland

Finarelli¹,

Coates²

2014

Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Socie

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Chondrenchelys problematica, from the Viséan (Holkerian) of Scotland, is the earliest holocephalan known from extensive cranial and postcranial material. Here, we provide a comprehensive new description of this taxon using three new specimens, in which we observe many morphological features for the first time. Much of the cranial morphology is closer to that of living chimaeroid holocephalans than was previously appreciated. For this reason, we provide original figures illustrating the chondrocranium of a hatchling Callorhinchus milii demonstrating these similarities. In Chondrenchelys, although the jaw articulation is positioned at the posterior margin of the orbit, the high-walled lamina orbitonasalis and densely-mineralised antorbital crest provide evidence for forward rotation of the jaw adductor musculature. Preserved foramina for the efferent superficial ophthalmic nerves show that the sensory organs on the rostrum were enervated in a manner similar to modern sharks, with the ophthalmic nerves not enclosed in an ethmoid canal, as in modern holocephalans. The conjunction of numerous distinctly holocephalan features with those that are otherwise general to Chondrichthyes demonstrates a decoupling of several of the structural conditions that characterise the distinctive morphological complex of the extant holocephalan skull. The anguiliform postcranium is more elongate than previously reconstructed, and it is now clear that the axial skeleton extended beyond the posterior extremity of the elongate dorsal fin. Morphological characters are reviewed with a view to further phylogenetic analyses. We recommend using the appearance of Chondrenchelys at 336.5 Ma as a hard minimum age for the last common ancestor of elasmobranchs and chimaeroids, because of its secure association with other holocephalans, and current uncertainties concerning elasmobranch stem lineage membership.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The Darras et al . (2008) datum is plausible, but alone it is insufficiently resolved to meet the criteria of a secure fossil marker (Parham et al 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chondrenchelys problematica(Traquair, 1888) redescribed: a Lower Carboniferous, eel-like holocephalan from Scotland

Finarelli¹,

Coates²

2014

Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Socie

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“…Phylogenetic affinities of other putative early holocephalans (e.g. Melanodus: Darras et al 2008) are similarly equivocal. In fact, the oldest uncontroversial chondrichthyan, based on articulated remains, is the same age as Stensioella (Miller et al 2003), and this is a stem rather than a crown chondrichthyan (Davis et al 2012), and so lies outside the root node in our tree.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stingray diversification across the end-Cretaceous extinctions

Bertozzi¹,

Lee²,

Donnellan³

2016

MMV

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Bertozzi, T., Lee, M.S.Y. and Donnellan, S.C. 2016. Stingray diversification across the end-Cretaceous extinctions. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 74: 379-390.The evolution of stingrays (Myliobatiformes) is assessed using a new phylogeny with near-complete genus-level sampling, and additional molecular data. Stingrays diversified into three primary clades: (A) river stingrays, round rays and typical stingrays, (B) butterfly rays and stingarees and (C) eagle and manta rays. The enigmatic sixgill and deepwater rays (Hexatrygon and Plesiobatis) are not basal stingrays, but are part of the second clade. There is extensive clade-specific variation in molecular evolutionary rates across chondrichthyans: the most appropriate (autocorrelated) divergence dating methods indicate that the extant stingray radiation commenced in the late Cretaceous and continued across the K-Pg boundary. This is highly consistent with the fossil record, and suggests that Cretaceous stingrays, being primarily benthic taxa, were less affected by the K-Pg event than taxa inhabiting the water column. The largest pelagic radiation of stingrays (myliobatids: eagle and manta rays) evolved very shortly after the K-Pg boundary, consistent with rapid ecological expansion into newly-vacated pelagic niches.

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“…Several putative holocephalans of Devonian age have been identified, but they are all represented by isolated and often fragmentary teeth (reviewed by Stahl, 1999 andDarras et al, 2008). These include Melanodus from the Givetian of France (Darras et al, 2008), Synthetodus from the early Frasnian of Iowa, USA (Eastman, 1908;Stahl, 1999) and Thoralodus from the middle Famennian of Cabrières, Montagne Noire, southern France (Lehman, 1952;Lelièvre et al, 1987). An apparent exception to this rule is the poorly preserved body fossil of Plesioselachus from the Famennian of South Africa.…”

Section: Crown Chondrichthyes (21)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Constraints on the timescale of animal evolutionary history

Benton

Donoghue

Asher

et al. 2015

Palaeontologia Electronica

200

322

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Calibrations published in the Fossil Calibration Series are accessioned into the Fossil Calibration Database (www.fossilcalibrations.org). The Database is a dynamic tool for finding up-to-date calibrations, and calibration data will be updated and annotated as interpretations change. In contrast, the Fossil Calibration papers are a permanent published record of the information on which the calibrations were originally based. Please refer to the Database for the latest data.

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The oldest holocephalan (Chondrichthyes) from the Middle Devonian of the Boulonnais (Pas-de-Calais, France)

Cited by 11 publications

References 8 publications

Chondrenchelys problematica(Traquair, 1888) redescribed: a Lower Carboniferous, eel-like holocephalan from Scotland

Chondrenchelys problematica(Traquair, 1888) redescribed: a Lower Carboniferous, eel-like holocephalan from Scotland

Stingray diversification across the end-Cretaceous extinctions

Constraints on the timescale of animal evolutionary history

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