The optimisation of the single surface mount device placement machine in printed circuit board assembly: a survey

Abstract

This article surveys research on the single surface mount device (SMD) placement machine optimisation problem. We classify the optimisation problem into five sub-problems: feeder setup, component placement sequencing, nozzle optimisation, component retrieval plan and motion control; and analyse issues relevant to each of these. One of the aims of this article is to provide guidance to other researchers and gain a deeper understanding of the various optimisation issues that arise in this domain. This could lead to the design of improved heuristics, which are more appropriate to the real-world scheduling problem of the SMD placement machine.

Aplicação de metaheurísticas na abordagem do problema de otimização do ciclo de montagem de uma insersora automática de componentes

“…Crama [1] dividiu esse problema de otimização, aplicável a uma máquina simples, em quatro subproblemas, a saber: a) alocação dos componentes no alimentador de componentes; b) sequência de inserção de componentes em uma placa de circuito impresso; c) plano de carga dos componentes; d) controle de movimento. Posteriormente, Ayob [2] acrescentou o subproblema (e): a otimização do conjunto de ferramentas (pinças a vácuo) utilizadas no processo de inserção dos componentes. Esse subproblema é importante, uma vez que as trocas de ferramentas constituem a operação que mais demanda tempo da máquina [3].…”

A Multi-Objective Optimization Approach for Multi-Head Beam-Type Placement Machines

“…Obviously this problem is extremely complex. In order to reduce this complexity, a hierarchical decomposition approach is often applied (See for example Ayob and Kendall [21]). In hierarchical approach, the main problem is decomposed into a series of sub-problems in such a way the solution of each subproblem generates required input data for the next subproblem.…”

Development of Extremely Large Area Light-emitting-diode-embedded Fabric and Investigation of Its Mechanical Properties

“…(10,11) In addition, meter-scale large-area lighting devices can be applied to cover a whole ceiling or surfaces of furniture because the area of conventional home and office rooms is several square meters and conventional fluorescent light tubes are 1.4 m long. (12)(13)(14) Previous studies on flexible lighting devices, including LEDs on flexible PCBs (15) and organic LEDs on plastic substrates, (16,17) have shown the bending of devices two-dimensionally (i.e., rolling the device on a cylinder), but they cannot be bent three-dimensionally to cover the complicated shape of furniture and equipment in rooms because of the high mechanical rigidity of the plastic substrate. Conventional plastic sheet substrates, including polyester films and polyimide films, have high mechanical rigidity and stiffness.…”