The Oxidation Catalytic Converter Reduces the Inhibitory Activity of Soluble Organic Fractions of Diesel Particles on Intercellular Communication

Abstract

The genotoxicity of diesel particles has been widely documented, and their tumor promoting effect has been reported recently using the gap junction intercellular communication (GJIC) assay. In our study, the ability of soluble organic fractions (SOF) of diesel particles emitted from cars equipped (WC) or not (WoutC) with the oxidation catalytic converter (OCC) and of particle SOF from an outdoor high polluted place (OHPP) to inhibit GJIC has been evaluated with two cell lines: a rat liver epithelial cell line (REL cells) and a rat pulmonary alveolar type II cell line (3T cells). With both cell lines, our results demonstrate that GJIC is strongly inhibited by WoutC, whereas it is much less reduced by WC ones: for REL cells, the activity of WC particles is 1/4 of the one of WoutC. Also, we show that the inhibition induced by WoutC is associated with a change in the GJ protein localization. Our results clearly show the effectiveness of the OCC technology in reducing both the tumor promoting activity and the genotoxicity of diesel particle SOF.

Quantification and source identification of atmospheric particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their dry deposition fluxes at three sites in Salvador Basin, Brazil, impacted by mobile and stationary sources

“…[1][2][3] While their constitution may vary from place to place, the sources of particulate matter are numerous, from natural origin (mainly vegetation and dust resuspension, among others) to different kinds of human activities, such as disposal of petroleum residues, waste incineration, energy production, vehicular emissions and agricultural slash burning. [1][2][3][4] Vehicle exhaust aerosols contain carbonaceous particles that are associated with a complex mixture of compounds. Special attention has been given to particles emitted by diesel engines, due to the numerous in vivo and in vitro da Rocha et al…”

“…4, 2009 studies establishing their adverse effects on human health. [4][5][6] Among the several organic and inorganic species which are associated with diesel exhaust particles, including monoand poly-functional organic compounds resulting from gas-to-particle conversion mechanisms, hydrocarbons with high molar mass, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and their oxy-and nitro-derivatives, are of particular interest. 4,5,[7][8][9] PAH are ubiquitous and abundant pollutants that are emitted from several natural and/or anthropogenic sources and may be present in the atmosphere, hydrosphere and lithosphere.…”

“…[4][5][6] Among the several organic and inorganic species which are associated with diesel exhaust particles, including monoand poly-functional organic compounds resulting from gas-to-particle conversion mechanisms, hydrocarbons with high molar mass, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and their oxy-and nitro-derivatives, are of particular interest. 4,5,[7][8][9] PAH are ubiquitous and abundant pollutants that are emitted from several natural and/or anthropogenic sources and may be present in the atmosphere, hydrosphere and lithosphere. [10][11][12][13][14] The widespread occurrence of PAH is largely due to their formation and emission during incomplete combustion of petrogenic materials such as oil and coal as well as non-petrogenic sources such as wood burning 3,[15][16][17][18][19] as well as biomass burning due to agricultural practices.…”

Measurements of semivolatile and particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a bus station and an urban tunnel in Salvador, Brazil

“…Special attention has been given to particles emitted by diesel engines, due to the numerous in vivo and in vitro studies establishing their adverse effects on human health. [3][4][5] Among the several organic and inorganic species associated with diesel exhaust particles, which include mono-and polyfunctional organic compounds that result from gas-to-particle conversion mechanisms, the hydrocarbons with high molecular weight, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their oxy-and nitro-derivatives, are of particular interest. 3,4,6 PAHs are an important class of organic compound that includes several potent mutagens and carcinogens.…”

Effects of four inorganic lead compounds on the proliferation and junctional coupling of cultured REL liver cells

“…The cell system used was that of REL cells, a rat liver-derived cell line, already proved to be very sensitive to tumor promoting effects of various compounds like pesticides, atmospheric particles, phorbol esters or synthetic antioxidants [Chaumontet et al, 1997;Vanrullen et al, 2000]. To evaluate cytotoxicity and potential tumor promoting effects, respectively, cell density/proliferation and intercellular communication were analyzed.…”