The oxidative conversion of methane to higher hydrocarbons

Effect of CO2 on the structural variation of Na2WO4/Mn/SiO2 catalyst for oxidative coupling of methane to ethylene

“…It was well known that the activation of methane happened via the interaction of methane with the surface-active oxygen species which abstracted H-atom from methane to form methyl radicals. Sofranko et al [40,41] suggested that the most important step in OCM reaction was the activation of methane over the catalyst. The WO 4 tetrahedron on the catalyst surface appeared to play an essential role in achieving high CH 4 conversion and high selectivity to C 2 hydrocarbons in OCM reaction, thus either the loss of WO 4 tetrahedron from the catalyst surface or the increase of WO 6 octahedron would alleviate the selectivity of the catalyst.…”

An oxygen permeable membrane microreactor with an in-situ deposited Bi1.5Y0.3Sm0.2O3− catalyst for oxidative coupling of methane

“…Flowrate of water (F H 2 O ) was obtained based on the mass balance the products containing hydrogen species, as shown in Eq. (2). Throughout the whole tests, only a small amount of nitrogen ( $ 0.3%) can be detected from the reactor outlet stream.…”

“…In addition, this process avoids thermodynamic constraints by kinetically coupling C-H bond activation with removal of hydrogen via oxidation [1][2][3]. Despite of these advantages, the formation of the target products (C 2 þ ) is always accompanied by further oxidations to carbon oxides, which limits the overall process efficiency [1].…”

Ethylene From Natural Gas by Direct Catalytic Oxidation

“…The analysis is performed with a Carlo Erba 4200 gas Chromatograph with a flame ionization detector connected to a phenylisocyanate column to separate CH 4 , QH 6 , QH 4 , QH» QHg, Ç,H 6 , C 4+ .…”

“…Since then many investigators have reported on catalytic systems for oxidative coupling of methane (Ref. 3,4,5,6). Li doped MgO was the most promising system with which a C 2+ yield up to 19% was possible.…”