The paradigm shift in treatment from Covid-19 to oncology with mRNA vaccines

Wei, Jiao; Hui, Ai‐Min

doi:10.1016/j.ctrv.2022.102405

Cited by 40 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 120 publications

(141 reference statements)

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“…Although the COVID‐19 pandemic has accelerated the application of mRNA vaccines against viral infectious diseases, mRNA cancer vaccines were the earliest direction assessed in exploratory clinical trials, and remain a field with the most intense competition and the most concentrated R&D pipelines 217 …”

Section: Mrna Cancer Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the application of mRNA vaccines against viral infectious diseases, mRNA cancer vaccines were the earliest direction assessed in exploratory clinical trials, and remain a field with the most intense competition and the most concentrated R&D pipelines. 217 There are two types of cancer vaccines with fundamentally different working principles: prevention vaccines and therapeutic vaccines (Figure 5). It is estimated that 15% of all human cancers are associated with viral infection (e.g., human papillomavirus, hepatitis B virus, and others).…”

Section: Mrna Cancer Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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mRNA vaccines in the prevention and treatment of diseases

Duan

Yang

et al. 2022

MedComm

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Messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) vaccines made their successful public debut in the effort against the COVID‐19 outbreak starting in late 2019, although the history of mRNA vaccines can be traced back decades. This review provides an overview to discuss the historical course and present situation of mRNA vaccine development in addition to some basic concepts that underly mRNA vaccines. We discuss the general preparation and manufacturing of mRNA vaccines and also discuss the scientific advances in the in vivo delivery system and evaluate popular approaches (i.e., lipid nanoparticle and protamine) in detail. Next, we highlight the clinical value of mRNA vaccines as potent candidates for therapeutic treatment and discuss clinical progress in the treatment of cancer and coronavirus disease 2019. Data suggest that mRNA vaccines, with several prominent advantages, have achieved encouraging results and increasing attention due to tremendous potential in disease management. Finally, we suggest some potential directions worthy of further investigation and optimization. In addition to basic research, studies that help to facilitate storage and transportation will be indispensable for practical applications.

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Section: Mrna Cancer Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mrna Cancer Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

mRNA vaccines in the prevention and treatment of diseases

Duan

Yang

et al. 2022

MedComm

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“…We also demonstrate that IVT products generated with T7-68 have reduced dsRNA content.There have been many advancements in mRNA therapeutics in recent years, with significant improvements in protein translation, modulation of immune responses, formulation, and delivery. As a result, mRNA therapeutics are clinically progressing in, immuno-oncology, and prophylactic vaccines [1].The rapid development and overall efficacy of the BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, as well as their potential to be quickly and flexibly deployed in response to emerging variants, has established mRNA as a critical molecule for global health [2] . At the same time, recent history has highlighted the costs and challenges of producing mRNA at large scale, limiting the worldwide accessibility of mRNA therapeutics [1].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, mRNA therapeutics are clinically progressing in, immuno-oncology, and prophylactic vaccines [1].The rapid development and overall efficacy of the BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, as well as their potential to be quickly and flexibly deployed in response to emerging variants, has established mRNA as a critical molecule for global health [2] . At the same time, recent history has highlighted the costs and challenges of producing mRNA at large scale, limiting the worldwide accessibility of mRNA therapeutics [1]. Importantly, mRNA capping and downstream processing of the mRNA to remove immunogenic double stranded RNA (dsRNA) contribute significantly to the overall cost and complexity of production.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Engineered T7 RNA Polymerase for efficient co-transcriptional capping with reduced dsRNA byproducts in mRNA synthesis

Miller

Alvizo

Chng

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Messenger RNA (mRNA) therapies have recently gained tremendous traction with the approval of mRNA vaccines for the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, manufacturing challenges have complicated large scale mRNA production, which is necessary for the clinical viability of these therapies. Not only can the incorporation of the required 5-prime 7-methylguanosine cap analog be inefficient and costly, in vitro transcription (IVT) using wild-type T7 RNA polymerase generates undesirable double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) byproducts that elicit adverse host immune responses and are difficult to remove at large scale. To overcome these challenges, we have engineered a novel RNA polymerase, T7-68, that co-transcriptionally incorporates both di- and tri-nucleotide cap analogs with high efficiency, even at reduced cap analog concentrations. We also demonstrate that IVT products generated with T7-68 have reduced dsRNA content.

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High‐Precision Synthesis of RNA‐Loaded Lipid Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications

Seo

Jeon

Kwon

et al. 2023

Adv Healthcare Materials

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The recent development of RNA-based therapeutics in delivering nucleic acids for gene editing and regulating protein translation has led to the effective treatment of various diseases including cancer, inflammatory and genetic disorder, as well as infectious diseases. Among these, lipid nanoparticles (LNP) have emerged as a promising platform for RNA delivery and have shed light by resolving the inherent instability issues of naked RNA and thereby enhancing the therapeutic potency. These LNP consisting of ionizable lipid, helper lipid, cholesterol, and poly(ethylene glycol)-anchored lipid can stably enclose RNA and help them release into the cells' cytosol. Herein, the significant progress made in LNP research starting from the LNP constituents, formulation, and their diverse applications is summarized first. Moreover, the microfluidic methodologies which allow precise assembly of these newly developed constituents to achieve LNP with controllable composition and size, high encapsulation efficiency as well as scalable production are highlighted. Furthermore, a short discussion on current challenges as well as an outlook will be given on emerging approaches to resolving these issues.

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The paradigm shift in treatment from Covid-19 to oncology with mRNA vaccines

Cited by 40 publications

References 120 publications

mRNA vaccines in the prevention and treatment of diseases

mRNA vaccines in the prevention and treatment of diseases

An Engineered T7 RNA Polymerase for efficient co-transcriptional capping with reduced dsRNA byproducts in mRNA synthesis

High‐Precision Synthesis of RNA‐Loaded Lipid Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications

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