The photoreceptor array of the dipteran retina

Hardie, Roger

doi:10.1016/0166-2236(86)90136-0

Cited by 176 publications

(164 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Such a pattern is found in the male honeybee (Muri and Jones, 1983;Menzel et al, 1991;Velarde et al, 2005), dragonfly Sympetrum (Labhart and Nilsson, 1995), mayfly Atalophlebia (Horridge and McLean, 1982), Musca domestica (Hardie, 1986) and the bibionid fly Bibio marci (Burkhart and De LaMotte, 1972;Zeil, 1983). These data suggest that a sexually dimorphic eye may represent the ancestral state in insects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Beauty in the eye of the beholder: the two blue opsins of lycaenid butterflies and the opsin gene-driven evolution of sexually dimorphic eyes

Sison-Mangus

Bernard

Lampel

et al. 2006

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARY Although previous investigations have shown that wing coloration is an important component of social signaling in butterflies, the contribution of opsin evolution to sexual wing color dichromatism and interspecific divergence remains largely unexplored. Here we report that the butterfly Lycaena rubidus has evolved sexually dimorphic eyes due to changes in the regulation of opsin expression patterns to match the contrasting life histories of males and females. The L. rubidus eye contains four visual pigments with peak sensitivities in the ultraviolet (UV;λ max=360 nm), blue (B; λmax=437 nm and 500 nm, respectively) and long (LW; λmax=568 nm) wavelength range. By combining in situ hybridization of cloned opsinencoding cDNAs with epi-microspectrophotometry, we found that all four opsin mRNAs and visual pigments are expressed in the eyes in a sex-specific manner. The male dorsal eye, which contains only UV and B (λmax=437 nm)visual pigments, indeed expresses two short wavelength opsin mRNAs, UVRh and BRh1. The female dorsal eye, which also has the UV and B (λmax=437 nm) visual pigments, also contains the LW visual pigment, and likewise expresses UVRh, BRh1 and LWRh mRNAs. Unexpectedly, in the female dorsal eye, we also found BRh1 co-expressed with LWRh in the R3-8 photoreceptor cells. The ventral eye of both sexes, on the other hand, contains all four visual pigments and expresses all four opsin mRNAs in a non-overlapping fashion. Surprisingly, we found that the 500 nm visual pigment is encoded by a duplicate blue opsin gene, BRh2. Further, using molecular phylogenetic methods we trace this novel blue opsin gene to a duplication event at the base of the Polyommatine+Thecline+Lycaenine radiation. The blue opsin gene duplication may help explain the blueness of blue lycaenid butterflies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Beauty in the eye of the beholder: the two blue opsins of lycaenid butterflies and the opsin gene-driven evolution of sexually dimorphic eyes

Sison-Mangus

Bernard

Lampel

et al. 2006

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…R7y has a violet rhodopsin (R430-M510) and its companion R8y a green rhodopsin (R520); (Hardie 1985(Hardie , 1986Feiler et al, 1992). Like the visual pigment in the R1-6 cells, that of R7y binds 3-hydroxy-retinol and this also acts as a sensitizer here, thus boosting ultraviolet sensitivity (Hardie, 1985(Hardie, , 1986. Moreover, the rhabdomeric membrane of the housefly R7y photoreceptor houses another photostable pigment, a mixture of the carotenoids lutein and zeaxanthin (Kirschfeld, 1986;Hardie, 1986).…”

Section: Colour and Polarization Visionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Energy transfer can occur from the excited sensitizing pigment to both rhodopsin and metarhodopsin (Minke and Kirschfeld, 1979). The sensitization of rhodopsin by the ultraviolet-absorbing antenna pigment is the reason for the strongly enhanced spectral sensitivity in the ultraviolet, measured in physiological responses (Hardie, 1986). Hamdorf et al (1992) have investigated this observation in a detailed in vivo electrophysiological study on the speed of incorporation of various retinoids in the visual pigment molecules.…”

Section: Sensitizing Pigmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The situation for R7y and R8y is quite different, however. R7y has a violet rhodopsin (R430-M510) and its companion R8y a green rhodopsin (R520); (Hardie 1985(Hardie , 1986Feiler et al, 1992). Like the visual pigment in the R1-6 cells, that of R7y binds 3-hydroxy-retinol and this also acts as a sensitizer here, thus boosting ultraviolet sensitivity (Hardie, 1985(Hardie, , 1986.…”

Section: Colour and Polarization Visionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Insect retinal pigments: Spectral characteristics and physiological functions

Stavenga

1995

Progress in Retinal and Eye Research

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“…However, this observation may not be generalizable to all insects; for example, male houseflies have a specialization in their compound eye (Hardie, 1986). In Drosophila, much of male behavior may emerge from cells or circuits present in both sexes that are functionally modified to express two forms of behavior.…”

Section: Drosophilamentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic basis of male sexual behavior

Emmons

Lipton

2002

J. Neurobiol.

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Male sexual behavior is increasingly the focus of genetic study in a variety of animals. Genetic analysis in the soil roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans and the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster has lead to identification of genes and circuits that govern behaviors ranging from motivation and mate-searching to courtship and copulation. Some worm and fly genes have counterparts with related functions in higher animals and many more such correspondences can be expected. Analysis of mutations in mammals can potentially leadto insights into such issues as monogamous versus promiscuous sexual behavior and sexual orientation. Genetic analysis of sexual behavior has implications for understanding how the nervous system generates and controls a complex behavior. It can also help us to gain an appreciation of how behavior is encoded by genes and their regulatory sequences.

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The photoreceptor array of the dipteran retina

Cited by 176 publications

References 27 publications

Beauty in the eye of the beholder: the two blue opsins of lycaenid butterflies and the opsin gene-driven evolution of sexually dimorphic eyes

Beauty in the eye of the beholder: the two blue opsins of lycaenid butterflies and the opsin gene-driven evolution of sexually dimorphic eyes

Insect retinal pigments: Spectral characteristics and physiological functions

Genetic basis of male sexual behavior

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