The Physiological and Agronomic Responses to Nitrogen Dosage in Different Sugarcane Varieties

Abstract

Nitrogen (N) is very important for sugarcane yield improvement, but the excessive application of N fertilizer brings about N pollution and a cost increase. Through distinguishing the difference of nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), we can reasonably apply N fertilizer according to the NUE characteristics of sugarcane varieties, and thus reduce N loss and maintain high yield. The present study showed the pot experiment results of identifying NUE types of nine main sugarcane varieties in the main sugarcane producing areas of China under controlled conditions, and identified the key physiological and agronomic indictors which can help to determine the NUE types of sugarcane. The test clones were exposed to varying levels of N fertilizer and 15 parameters that are likely to impact NUE were measured. The key results are (1) Sugarcane variety ROC22 has the high plant dry weight (PDW) and NUE among nine varieties under different N rates, it can take advantages under low N supply (225 kg/hm 2 urea), and less N fertilizer can be applied properly in production. (2) Varieties of GT32 was good performing genotype for PDW and NUE under low N supply (225 kg/hm 2 urea), GT42 was more suitable for moderate N environment (450 kg/hm 2 urea), while YT94-128 was at middle N and high N supply (450–675 kg/hm 2 urea). (3) Late stage of shoot elongation is suitable for differentiating sugarcane clones for NUE. (4) Leaf glutamine synthetase activity is the most reliable predictor of NUE in sugarcane. The result of pot experiment is sufficient to differentiate clonal variation for NUE in sugarcane as it reflects field experimental results. This study can set up a basis for identification the NUE types of sugarcane varieties and the development of reasonable N fertilizer application.

Comparative Analysis of two Sugarcane Ancestors Saccharum officinarum and S. spontaneum based on Complete Chloroplast Genome Sequences and Photosynthetic Ability in Cold Stress

“…In addition, during recovery, there are several new strong tillers observed in S. spontaneum but no tillers appeared in S. officinarum , indicating a strong growth compensation ability in S. spontaneum, in spite of the value of Fv/Fm can not be detected in both species, which may result from excessive low temperature stress. However, when compared with the Fv/Fm values obtained in sugarcane under control field conditions, these values observed in both accessions of Badila and Yunnan 83-184 are quite low [64]. For Badila, the Fv/Fm value observed in cold stress in this study is only 27% of its value in control field conditions [64].…”

“…However, when compared with the Fv/Fm values obtained in sugarcane under control field conditions, these values observed in both accessions of Badila and Yunnan 83-184 are quite low [64]. For Badila, the Fv/Fm value observed in cold stress in this study is only 27% of its value in control field conditions [64]. It suggests that S. spontaneum Yunnan 83-184 exhibits the stronger tolerance to cold stress than S. officinarum Badila, and the expanding function to low temperature stress in chloroplast also observed in sugarcane.…”

Soil Metagenomics Reveals Effects of Continuous Sugarcane Cropping on the Structure and Functional Pathway of Rhizospheric Microbial Community

“…There are a variety of genes encoding enzymes that catalyze the important transformation reactions of various oxidation states ranging from + 5 in nitrate to −3 in ammonia ( Ren et al, 2017 ). N is a critical limiting factor for continuous sugarcane cropping yield, while excessive application of N fertilizer will lead to problems like soil acidification and high cost ( Yang et al, 2019 ). About nitrogen metabolism, we propose two possibilities to explain the relationship between the N cycle and biomass in our study.…”

The Efisiensi Penggunaan Nitrogen pada Padi Gogo Varietas IPB 9G

“…Fageria et al (2014) menyampaikan bahwa dosis aplikasi N yang efektif dapat dievaluasi dengan menghitung serapan nitrogen dan efisiensi penggunaan nitrogen. Namun, efisiensi penggunaan nitrogen ditentukan pula oleh indikator agronomis dan fisiologis (Yang et al, 2019). Oleh karena itu, penetapan dosis aplikasi pupuk N yang efektif berdasarkan varietas dan lokasi ekosistem yang spesifik menjadi penting dalam pengembangan padi gogog di Indonesia.…”