The physiological and biochemical effects of diabetes on the body

Abstract

Diabetes damages and disables many parts of the body. All components of the cardiovascular system are susceptible to harm from high blood sugar levels. Diabetes and cardiovascular issues are closely related because of this. Blood flow is impeded by the narrowing and loss of flexibility of blood vessels brought on by high blood sugar levels. Due to the decreased blood and oxygen delivery, there is an increased risk of high blood pressure and injury to both large and tiny blood vessels. Among the complications of macrovascular disease are: cardiac arrest stroke, disease of the peripheral arteries. Microvascular disease may also result in issues with the following: eyes, kidneys, neurous system. When there is a wound or infection, poor circulation hinders the body's capacity to heal. This is brought on by a lack of nutrition, oxygen, and blood. A diabetic patient should constantly examine their skin for wounds and visit their doctor if they exhibit any symptoms of an infection, such as redness, swelling, or fever. Diabetic complications are frequently accompanied by neuropathy, or nerve damage. Nerve damage affects 10 to 20 percent of persons with diabetes at first diagnosis. A person has a greater risk of developing neuropathy the longer they have diabetes. Small wounds may be harder to detect due to the neuropathy-related lack of sensation. This might cause serious issues when coupled with poor circulation. For instance, an infection can swiftly worsen if a person ignores a blister on their foot. It's a result of poor circulation. Amputation might be required in some instances due to the possibility of tissue death and ulceration.