The pig as an experimental model for clinical craniofacial research

Štembírek, Jan; Kyllar, Michal; Putnová, Iveta; Stehlík, Ladislav; Buchtová, Marcela

doi:10.1258/la.2012.012062

Cited by 100 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 124 publications

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“…This makes swine maxillary bones a good sample for radiological studies. 20,21 Moreover, the current research corroborated that porcine maxillas are considered a good model for studying this anatomical region. However, some difficulties were found in standardizing the positioning of the ROI of the sample in the center of the FOV during the tomographic acquisitions, due to maxilla size variation.…”

Section: 34supporting

confidence: 74%

CBCT-based evaluation of integrity of cortical sinus close to periapical lesions

et al. 2015

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The purpose of the present study was to test the applicability of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) to evaluate the integrity of the cortical sinus close to periapical lesions. Two observers analyzed samples of 64 alveoli of first molar roots in macerated swine maxillas prepared with perchloric acid to simulate periapical lesions. The specimens were evaluated using CBCT (55-mm high and 100-mm diameter cylinder at 0.2-mm voxel resolution) for the presence of oroantral communication (OAC) caused by the simulated lesions. Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were calculated. Fair values were obtained for accuracy (66%-78%) and good values for specificity (70%-98%), whereas the values for sensibility showed relevant variation (41%-78%). For this reason, the interobserver agreement score was weak. CBCT proved capable of evaluating the integrity of the cortical sinus (absence of oroantral communication) when it lies close to an apical periodontitis lesion. However, the low interobserver agreement reflects the difficulty in performing diagnoses when OAC is adjacent to a periapical lesion, using the acquisition protocol adopted in this research. This could be attributed to the high level of image noise.

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Section: 34supporting

confidence: 74%

CBCT-based evaluation of integrity of cortical sinus close to periapical lesions

et al. 2015

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“…In regards to the osmolality of the medium with varying glucose concentrations, the range of measured osmolality from 290 - 310 mosmol does create a slight variation and thus, in future studies, it would be beneficial to examine this possible effect by utilizing osmotic balancing through the addition of mannitol. In addition, while the pig is the best experimental model of the TMJ after comparison to sheep, cows, dogs, cats, rabbits, rats, and goats, 44 it is necessary to investigate human TMJ discs in a future study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of oxygen level and glucose concentration on the metabolism of porcine TMJ disc cells

Cisewski

Zhang

Kuo

et al. 2015

Osteoarthritis and Cartilage

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Objective To determine the combined effect of oxygen level and glucose concentration on cell viability, ATP production, and matrix synthesis of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc cells. Design TMJ disc cells were isolated from pigs aged 6-8 months and cultured in a monolayer. Cell cultures were preconditioned for 48 hours with 0, 1.5, 5, or 25mM glucose DMEM under 1%, 5%, 10%, or 21% O2 level, respectively. The cell viability was measured using the WST-1 assay. ATP production was determined using the Luciferin-Luciferase assay. Collagen and proteoglycan synthesis were determined by measuring the incorporation of [2, 3-3H]proline and [35S]sulfate into the cells, respectively. Results TMJ disc cell viability significantly decreased (P<0.0001) without glucose. With glucose present, decreased oxygen levels significantly increased viability (P<0.0001), while a decrease in glucose concentration significantly decreased viability (P<0.0001). With glucose present, decreasing oxygen levels significantly reduced ATP production (P<0.0001) and matrix synthesis (P<0.0001). A decreased glucose concentration significantly decreased collagen synthesis (P<0.0001). The interaction between glucose and oxygen was significant in regards to cell viability (P<0.0001), ATP production (P=0.00015), and collagen (P=0.0002) and proteoglycan synthesis (P<0.0001). Conclusions Although both glucose and oxygen are important, glucose is the limiting nutrient for TMJ disc cell survival. At low oxygen levels, the production of ATP, collagen, and proteoglycan are severely inhibited. These results suggest that steeper nutrient gradients may exist in the TMJ disc and it may be vulnerable to pathological events that impede nutrient supply.

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“…This mammalian species, which potentially suffers from periodontal disease [19], it is considered a clinically relevant experimental model [20]. The tooth chosen for the study was the third mandibular incisor, a single-rooted tooth characterized by the absence of continuous eruption.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of root surface distance to alveolar bone and periodontal ligament on periodontal wound healing

Montevecchi

Parrilli

Fini

et al. 2016

J Periodontal Implant Sci

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PurposeThe purpose of this animal study was to perform a 3-dimensional micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) analysis in order to investigate the influence of root surface distance to the alveolar bone and the periodontal ligament on periodontal wound healing after a guided tissue regeneration (GTR) procedure.MethodsThree adult Sus scrofa domesticus specimens were used. The study sample included 6 teeth, corresponding to 2 third mandibular incisors from each animal. After coronectomy, a circumferential bone defect was created in each tooth by means of calibrated piezoelectric inserts. The experimental defects had depths of 3 mm, 5 mm, 7 mm, 9 mm, and 11 mm, with a constant width of 2 mm. One tooth with no defect was used as a control. The defects were covered with a bioresorbable membrane and protected with a flap. After 6 months, the animals were euthanised and tissue blocks were harvested and preserved for micro-CT analysis.ResultsNew alveolar bone was consistently present in all experimental defects. Signs of root resorption were observed in all samples, with the extent of resorption directly correlated to the vertical extent of the defect; the medial third of the root was the most commonly affected area. Signs of ankylosis were recorded in the defects that were 3 mm and 7 mm in depth. Density and other indicators of bone quality decreased with increasing defect depth.ConclusionsAfter a GTR procedure, the periodontal ligament and the alveolar bone appeared to compete in periodontal wound healing. Moreover, the observed decrease in bone quality indicators suggests that intrabony defects beyond a critical size cannot be regenerated. This finding may be relevant for the clinical application of periodontal regeneration, since it implies that GTR has a dimensional limit.

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The pig as an experimental model for clinical craniofacial research

Cited by 100 publications

References 124 publications

CBCT-based evaluation of integrity of cortical sinus close to periapical lesions

CBCT-based evaluation of integrity of cortical sinus close to periapical lesions

The effects of oxygen level and glucose concentration on the metabolism of porcine TMJ disc cells

The influence of root surface distance to alveolar bone and periodontal ligament on periodontal wound healing

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