The polar lipids of Clostridium psychrophilum, an anaerobic psychrophile

Abstract

We have examined the polar lipids of Clostridium psychrophilum, a recently characterized psychrophilic Clostridium isolated from an Antarctic microbial mat. Lipids were extracted from cells grown near the optimal growth temperature (+5 °C) and at −5 °C, and analyzed by two-dimensional thin layer chromatography and liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. The major phospholipids of this species are: cardiolipin, phosphatidylethanolamine, and phosphatidylglycerol. Phosphatidylserine and lyso-phosphatidylethanolamine were found as minor components. The most abundant glycolipids are a monoglycosyldiradylglycerol (MGDRG) and a diglycosyldiradylglycerol (DGDRG). The latter was only seen in cells grown at −5 °C. An ethanolamine-phosphate derivative of N-acetylglucosaminyldiradylglycerol was seen in cells grown at −5 °C and an ethanolamine-phosphate derivative of MGDRG was found in cells grown at +5 °C. All lipids were present in both the all acyl and plasmalogen (alk-1′-enyl acyl) forms with the exception of PS and MGDRG, which were predominantly in the diacyl form. The significance of lipid changes at the two growth temperatures is discussed.

The cellular lipids of Romboutsia

“…Recent studies of clostridia have demonstrated that these are major components of the lipidome in C. difficile [3], Clostridiumtetani [8], Clostridium sporogenes , some strains of C. botulinum Group I that are related to C. sporogenes [6], Clostridium psychrophilum [4], and Clostridium acetobutylicum [5,29,30]. We note that three of the glycolipids common to Romboutsia , MHDAG, DHDAG and TriHDAG, were also found in C. difficile .…”

The anaerobic biosynthesis of plasmalogens

“…Since the review by Rezanka et al . plasmalogens have been documented in Clostridium botulinum , Groups I, II, III, and IV , Clostridium difficile [ ] , Clostridium sporogenes , Clostridium pasteurianum , and Clostridium psychrophilum . Di‐ and tetra‐alkyl ethers with polyisoprenoid chains are characteristic of Archaea .…”

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