“…In recent decades, climate change and human activities have particularly accelerated global soil degradation (DeLong et al, 2015). Scientists suggest that around 45% of Europe's land is at potential risk of degradation, and urgent solutions are needed to protect soil, preserve soil functions, restore degraded soils, and provide the necessary nutrients for growing crops (EUR-Lex, 2006;Strafella et al, 2021). The European Green Deal presented by the European Commission aims to reduce nutrient losses by at least 50%, while preventing the deterioration of soil fertility, and to reduce the use fertilisers by at least 20% by 2030 (FAO…, 2019;Zhang, Peng, 2021).…”