The possibilities of implementing the methodology for calculating preventable mortality in the educational process

Abstract

Goal. To consider the possibility of introducing the methodology for calculating avoidable mortality in the educational process by the example of determining the indicators of avoidable mortality from cervical cancer.Materials and methods. The data are based on criteria and indicators developed by experts from the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries. A comparative analysis of the indicators of avoidable mortality due to cancer in the OECD countries and other countries was carried out. Statistical data for 2015-2021 were obtained from the National Statistical Bureau of the Agency of the Republic of Kazakhstan for Strategic Planning and Reforms (https://stat.gov.kz).Discussion. Evaluation of the effectiveness of health systems is becoming increasingly important in the OECD and EU countries (European Union). Avoidable mortality indicators serve as a starting point for assessing the effectiveness of public health and health policy in preventing premature mortality from preventable and treatable causes of death. Acquisition of skills in calculating avoidable mortality and interpretation of the results of calculations of indicators of avoidable mortality from diseases within the framework of the development of an educational program (areas of training – Management in healthcare, MBA, EMBA and Global Health and Healthcare) are necessary for future specialists in practice, in particular when conducting a comparative assessment of indicators of the effectiveness of the healthcare system with OECD countries. Effective activities of the health system in the field of public health protection carried out in different countries have a great impact on the spread and control of diseases. For example, the reduction in the level of avoidable mortality from cervical cancer in several regions of Kazakhstan (Akmola region, Zhambyl region, Shymkent city, Turkestan region) in the period from 2015 to 2021 proves the effectiveness of preventive measures implemented in these regions. At the same time, in some regions of Kazakhstan (West Kazakhstan region, Kyzylorda region, Mangystau region, Pavlodar region, Kostanay region, East Kazakhstan region), mortality rates from cervical cancer have increased and there is a need to strengthen measures at the level of primary and secondary prevention and treatment. Thus, the definition and study of the regional heterogeneity of indicators of avoidable mortality will allow us to identify the weaknesses and strengths of the implemented strategies for the protection of the health of the female population.Results. The methodology for calculating avoidable mortality is a key element for achieving the Third Sustainable Development Goal (SDG). Future masters of educational programs Management in Healthcare, MBA, EMBA and Global Health and Healthcare need to master the methodology for calculating avoidable mortality, as well as clearly understand the concepts and concepts of preventive and treatable mortality, which will allow them to carry out timely assessment of implemented programs in the future and will contribute to the adoption of decisive and more targeted, effective measures to reduce avoidable mortality.Conclusions. As a result of the inclusion of the methodology for calculating avoidable mortality in the educational program of the master's degree, students are given the opportunity to master new terminology related to the concepts of avoidable mortality, acquire skills in calculating indicators of avoidable mortality, as well as conducting a comparative analysis of the causes of mortality, which can mainly be prevented by effective public health measures and primary prevention, as well as the causes of mortality, which can be cured with the help of timely and effective health measures, including secondary prevention and treatment (i.e. after the onset of diseases, to reduce mortality).