The potential association between a new angiogenic marker fractalkine and a placental vascularization in preeclampsia

Kale

Gynecol Obstet Reprod Med

et al. 2022

OBJECTIVE: Fractalkine is a newly discovered chemokine that is expressed in placental tissue during pregnancy and is subsequently shed into the maternal serum. Although there are a few studies examining the relationship between fractalkine and preeclampsia, its role in isolated fetal growth restriction has not been investigated yet. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between isolated fetal growth restriction and maternal serum fractalkine concentrations. STUDY DESIGN: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 86 pregnant women, 25 of whom were diagnosed with fetal growth restriction in the third trimester, 23 were small for gestational age, and 38 were healthy controls. These three groups were compared in terms of maternal serum fractalkine concentrations. RESULTS: While the highest mean maternal serum fractalkine concentration was found in the small for gestational age group at 23.31 ng/mL, it was determined as 18.06 ng/mL in the fetal growth restriction group and 16.03 ng/mL in the control group. We did not find a statistical difference between the groups in terms of fractalkine concentrations (p=0.258). When the patients with fetal growth restriction and small for gestational age were evaluated as a single group and compared with the control group, the mean fractalkine concentration in the fetal growth restriction+small for gestational age group was higher than the control group, but this difference was not statistically significant (p=0.214). CONCLUSION: Maternal serum fractalkine concentration was higher in both fetal growth restriction and small for gestational age groups compared to healthy controls, but this difference was not statistically significant. The role of the fractalkine molecule in the development of fetal growth restriction remains to be clarified in future studies with larger series.

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Maternal Serum Fractalkine Concentrations in Pregnancies Complicated by Fetal Growth Restriction

Kale

Gynecol Obstet Reprod Med

et al. 2022

“…Other trials have denoted that pregnant women with pre-eclampsia present an overexpression of fractalkine, coinciding with poor pregnancy outcomes [ 108 ]. Recently, elevated levels of fractalkine in maternal serum in pre-eclampsia have been described [ 109 ]. Moreover, CX3CL1 chemoattractant and adhesive properties breeding inflammation and angiogenesis processes are especially upregulated by inflammatory conditions such as diabetic placenta.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Venous Disease during Pregnancy Causes a Systematic Increase in Maternal and Fetal Proinflammatory Markers

Ortega

Gómez-Lahoz

Sánchez-Trujillo

et al. 2022

IJMS

Chronic venous disease (CVD) is a common vascular disorder characterized by increased venous hypertension and insufficient venous return from the lower limbs. Pregnancy is a high-risk situation for developing CVD. Approximately a third of the women will develop this condition during pregnancy, and similarly to arterial hypertensive disorders, previous evidence has described a plethora of alterations in placental structure and function in women with pregnancy-induced CVD. It is widely known that arterial-induced placenta dysfunction is accompanied by an important immune system alteration along with increased inflammatory markers, which may provide detrimental consequences for the women and their offspring. However, to our knowledge, there are still no data collected regarding cytokine profiling in women with pregnancy-induced CVD. Thus, the aim of the present work was to examine cytokine signatures in the serum of pregnant women (PW) with CVD and their newborns (NB). This study was conducted through a multiplex technique in 62 PW with pregnancy-induced CVD in comparison to 52 PW without CVD (HC) as well as their NB. Our results show significant alterations in a broad spectrum of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-12, TNF-α, IL-10, IL-13, IL-2, IL-7, IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-5, IL-21, IL-23, GM-CSF, chemokines (fractalkine), MIP-3α, and MIP-1β). Overall, we demonstrate that pregnancy-induced CVD is associated with a proinflammatory environment, therefore highlighting the potentially alarming consequences of this condition for maternal and fetal wellbeing.

“…As a result, it may play a role in the proinflammatory trophoblast-monocyte interaction (Siwetz et al, 2015;Nonn et al, 2019). Szewczyk et al (2021) discovered considerably higher CX3CL1 serum levels and placental expression in PE patients and a negative correlation with the vascular/extravascular tissue index. The authors postulated that severe underdevelopment of the placental vascular network in PE is associated with alterations in CX3CL1 expression and distribution.…”

Section: Open Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous research has demonstrated the critical roles that maternal immune regulators, such as the chemokines CXC and CX3CL1 (fractalkine), play in the interaction between PE and their surroundings ( Liu et al, 2015 ; Lei et al, 2019 ; Szewczyk et al, 2021 ). Furthermore, Liu et al (2022) indicated the connection between GDM and CXC chemokines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathophysiological impact of CXC and CX3CL1 chemokines in preeclampsia and gestational diabetes mellitus

Ullah,

Zhao,

Singla

et al. 2023

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

Diabetes-related pathophysiological alterations and various female reproductive difficulties were common in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), who had 21.1 million live births. Preeclampsia (PE), which increases maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality, affects approximately 3%–5% of pregnancies worldwide. Nevertheless, it is unclear what triggers PE and GDM to develop. Therefore, the development of novel moderator therapy approaches is a crucial advancement. Chemokines regulate physiological defenses and maternal-fetal interaction during healthy and disturbed pregnancies. Chemokines regulate immunity, stem cell trafficking, anti-angiogenesis, and cell attraction. CXC chemokines are usually inflammatory and contribute to numerous reproductive disorders. Fractalkine (CX3CL1) may be membrane-bound or soluble. CX3CL1 aids cell survival during homeostasis and inflammation. Evidence reveals that CXC and CX3CL1 chemokines and their receptors have been the focus of therapeutic discoveries for clinical intervention due to their considerable participation in numerous biological processes. This review aims to give an overview of the functions of CXC and CX3CL1 chemokines and their receptors in the pathophysiology of PE and GDM. Finally, we examined stimulus specificity for CXC and CX3CL1 chemokine expression and synthesis in PE and GDM and preclinical and clinical trials of CXC-based PE and GDM therapies.