The Potential of Phylogenetically Diverse Culturable Actinobacteria from Litopenaeus vannamei Pond Sediment as Extracellular Proteolytic and Lipolytic Enzyme Producers

Abstract

Enzymes are catalysts that can increase the reaction time of a biochemical process. Hydrolytic enzymes have a pivotal role in degrading organic waste in both terrestrial and aquatic environments. The aims of this study were (1) to investigate the ability of actinobacteria isolated from Litopenaeus vannamei pond sediment to produce proteolytic and lipolytic enzymes, (2) to identify promising candidates using 16S rRNA gene amplification, and (3) to construct a phylogenetic tree based on the 16S rRNA genes. A skim milk agar medium was used in the preliminary experiment of the proteolytic assay, and a Tween 20/80 medium was used in the lipolytic assay. Fifteen and 20 (out of 40) actinobacterial isolates showed great potential for proteolytic and lipolytic activities, respectively. Furthermore, four actinobacteria isolates produced both enzyme types with proteolytic and lipolytic index scores of 1–6.5. The most promising candidates were SA 2.2 (IM8), SC 2.1 (IM6), SD 1.5 (IM6) and SE 1.1 (IM8). BLAST homology results showed a high similarity between the actinobacteria isolates and Streptomyces verucosisporus, S. mangrovicola, S. barkulensis and Nocardiopsis lucentensis, respectively. Therefore, actinobacteria from Litopenaeus vannamei pond sediment are high-potential proteolytic and lipolytic enzyme producers.

Streptomyces griseiviridis sp. nov., A Novel “Modern Actinobacteria” isolated from Malaysia Mangrove Soil

“…The "Modern Actinobacteria" (MOD-ACTINO) has been the focus lately to uncover Actinobacteria from unique sources with bioactive potentials [1,2] . Actinobacteria are present in diverse habitats such as terrestrial soil [3,4] , marine [5,6] , pond [7,8] , desert [9][10][11] , cave [12][13][14] , glacier [15,16] , hot spring [17,18] , Artic and Antarctic zones [19][20][21][22] , and mangrove [23][24][25][26] . This phylum of bacteria can survive in a wide range of environmental conditions through their complex multicellular life cycle and the development of unique defence mechanisms, notably observed in the genus Streptomyces [27][28][29] .…”

Streptomyces learnhanii sp. nov., unveiling a Mangrove-Derived Novel “Modern Actinobacteria” in Malaysia

“…These microorganisms exhibit unique morphological, physiological, and genetic features that differentiate them from other bacterial genera [5,6] . Their complex life cycle enables them to grow in diverse environments, such as soils, oceans, and extreme habitats [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] .…”