The prenatal environment and type 1 diabetes

Stene, Lars C.; Gale, E. A. M.

doi:10.1007/s00125-013-2929-6

Cited by 88 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 111 publications

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“…Infants born by CS have a higher incidence of respiratory distress 38 and appear to be at higher risk for developing asthma and atopy 39 , obesity 40 and type 1 diabetes 41 . It has been hypothesized that delayed and aberrant intestinal colonization might contribute to this risk conferred by CS.…”

Section: West 11mentioning

confidence: 99%

The gut microbiota and inflammatory noncommunicable diseases: Associations and potentials for gut microbiota therapies

West

Renz²,

Jenmalm

et al. 2015

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

226

165

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Rapid environmental transition and modern lifestyles are likely driving changes in the biodiversity of the human gut microbiota. With clear effects on physiologic, immunologic, and metabolic processes in human health, aberrations in the gut microbiome and intestinal homeostasis have the capacity for multisystem effects. Changes in microbial composition are implicated in the increasing propensity for a broad range of inflammatory diseases, such as allergic disease, asthma, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), obesity, and associated noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). There are also suggestive implications for neurodevelopment and mental health. These diverse multisystem influences have sparked interest in strategies that might favorably modulate the gut microbiota to reduce the risk of many NCDs. For example, specific prebiotics promote favorable intestinal colonization, and their fermented products have anti-inflammatory properties. Specific probiotics also have immunomodulatory and metabolic effects. However, when evaluated in clinical trials, the effects are variable, preliminary, or limited in magnitude. Fecal microbiota transplantation is another emerging therapy that regulates inflammation in experimental models. In human subjects it has been successfully used in cases of Clostridium difficile infection and IBD, although controlled trials are lacking for IBD. Here we discuss relationships between gut colonization and inflammatory NCDs and gut microbiota modulation strategies for their treatment and prevention

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Section: West 11mentioning

confidence: 99%

The gut microbiota and inflammatory noncommunicable diseases: Associations and potentials for gut microbiota therapies

West

Renz²,

Jenmalm

et al. 2015

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

226

165

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…While there are many hypotheses and abundant circumstantial evidence, no aetiological environmental factor has yet been convincingly identified in type 1 diabetes (20)(21)(22). In celiac disease, dietary intake of gluten is necessary for expression of the disease, but this is not a sufficient cause.…”

Section: Early Environmental Factors In Celiac Disease and Type 1 Diamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These factors are likely markers of other, yet unknown processes. We must therefore focus on factors operating very early in life, even in utero, to understand how autoimmunity initiates (21).…”

Section: Early Environmental Factors In Celiac Disease and Type 1 Diamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prediction of autoimmune diabetes and celiac disease in childhood by genes and perinatal environment: Design and initial aims of the PAGE study

Stene¹,

Joner²,

Størdal³

2014

Nor J Epidemiol

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Type 1 diabetes and celiac disease result from misdirected immune mediated destruction of host cells, and are among the most common chronic diseases in children. Despite changes in incidence over the past 3 decades, little is known about non-genetic risk factors (except for dietary gluten for celiac disease). Norway is among the countries in the world with the highest incidence of these two diseases. We describe here plans and study design for the PAGE study (Prediction of Autoimmune diabetes and celiac disease in childhood by Genes and perinatal Environment). PAGE is a sub-study within the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort study, including follow-up of more than 100,000 pregnancies. Children who develop type 1 diabetes or celiac disease are identified via linkage to the Norwegian Patient Register and the Norwegian Childhood Diabetes Registry, with complementing information from questionnaires. The overall aim is to test hypotheses about potential non-genetic risk factors for type 1 diabetes and for celiac disease, with focus on factors operating early in life. In addition to a full cohort analysis of factors registered in questionnaires, we will analyse biomarkers in maternal blood plasma and cord blood plasma. Mothers and children will be genotyped for well-established susceptibility polymorphisms. Biomarkers will be analysed in cases and controls within the cohort. Factors to be tested in the full cohort include infant feeding, diet and dietary supplements in the mother during pregnancy and in the child, and use of antibiotics and non-prescription drugs. Biomarkers to be tested include 25-hydroxyvitamin D, markers of immune activation, and small metabolites (metabolomics). We will also explore the potential role of maternal cells in the fetal circulation (maternal microchimerism) in later risk of celiac disease and type 1 diabetes.This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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“…3 Environmental components modulate genetic risk but their identities have remained elusive. Viral infections, 4 early feeding, 5-7 gut microbiota, 8 and maternal influences 9 have all been postulated to play a role but none unequivocally proven.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal microchimerism

Vives-Pi

Gillespie

2014

Chimerism

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The prenatal environment and type 1 diabetes

Abstract: There is ample evidence that environmental factors are involved in the aetiology of type 1 diabetes, but the nature and timing of the interactions are poorly understood.

Cited by 88 publications

References 111 publications

The gut microbiota and inflammatory noncommunicable diseases: Associations and potentials for gut microbiota therapies

The gut microbiota and inflammatory noncommunicable diseases: Associations and potentials for gut microbiota therapies

Prediction of autoimmune diabetes and celiac disease in childhood by genes and perinatal environment: Design and initial aims of the PAGE study

Maternal microchimerism

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