The preparation technology and application of xylo-oligosaccharide as prebiotics in different fields: A review

Abstract

Xylo-oligosaccharide (XOS) is a class of functional oligosaccharides that have been demonstrated with prebiotic activity over several decades. XOS has several advantages relative to other oligosaccharide molecules, such as promoting root development as a plant regulator, a sugar supplement for people, and prebiotics to promote intestinal motility utilization health. Now, the preparation and extraction process of XOS is gradually mature, which can maximize the extraction and avoid waste. To fully understand the recent preparation and application of XOS in different areas, we summarized the various technologies for obtaining XOS (including acid hydrolysis, enzymatic hydrolysis, hydrothermal pretreatment, and alkaline extraction) and current applications of XOS, including in animal feed, human food additives, and medicine. It is hoped that this review will serve as an entry point for those looking into the prebiotic field of research, and perhaps begin to dedicate their work toward this exciting classification of bio-based molecules.

The complete conversion of bleached kraft pulp into dissolving pulp and two xylo-oligosaccharides through a deep eutectic solvent-assisted biorefinery

“…Both choline hydroxide and urea were alkaline, with choline hydroxide, in particular, being a strong alkali, which conferred strong hydrogen bonding acceptability and high hydrogen bonding alkalinity to the DES system, while also increasing the ability of the DES solvent to disrupt the hydrogen bonding network of biomass. 23 In the bleached chemical pulp (Fig. 1b), the cellulose chain was tightly ordered and formed a crystalline network structure with a large number of inter- and intramolecular hydrogen bonding and van der Waals forces; while cellulose and hemicellulose were connected by hydrogen bonding only through physical action, thus hemicellulose could be extracted after fiber swelling.…”

Processes of Electrospun Polyvinylidene Fluoride-Based Nanofibers, Their Piezoelectric Properties, and Several Fantastic Applications

“…It is promising to prepare these piezoelectric materials into flexible fabrics or wearable items for use in human life. Particularly, some raw natural materials [ 204 , 205 , 206 , 207 ] and nanostructures [ 208 , 209 , 210 ] may play roles in the developments of these piezoelectric materials.…”

Valorization of bamboo shoot shell waste for the coproduction of fermentable sugars and xylooligosaccharides

“…Autohydrolysis is pretreatment technology that is less corrosive to the equipment, which can improve the service life of the equipment and increase the safety of the production environment (Scapini et al, 2021;Huang et al, 2022d). Compared to other pretreatments, the obtained hydrolyzate possesses fewer fermentation inhibitors by using autohydrolysis.…”