The Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus Markers among Students of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences

Abstract

Background: Protection against hepatitis B virus (HBV) is based on the presence of antibodies against hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Vaccination of newborns is the most effective means of prevention. This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of anti-HBs antibody (anti-HBsAb), anti-HB core Ab (anti-HBcAb), HBsAg, and HBV DNA among university students in Fars province, Southern Iran. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 272 students of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, were enrolled. Venous blood (5 mL) was collected from each participant and centrifuged; the sera were stored at −20°C until use. Anti-HBsAb, Anti-HBcAb, and HBsAg were measured using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. HBV DNA load was also measured by a real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: The mean age of the participants was 19 ± 1 years. There were 171 (62.9%) females and 101 (37.1%) males. Anti-HBsAb at a protective level (>10 mIU/mL) were detected in the sera of 104 (38.5%) of the cases. Of the anti-HBsAb seropositive participants, 82 were female and 22 were male; the difference between the gender and seropositivity to anti-HBsAb was statistically significant ( P = 0.001, odds ratio: 3.3, 95% confidence interval = 1.89–5.79). Anti-HBcAb was detected in only one participant that was negative for both HBsAg and HBV DNA. Conclusion: Findings of the current study show that more than half of the students do not have a protective level of anti-HBsAb and might be susceptible to HBV infection, indicating the necessity of checking the level of anti-HBsAb as well as a booster dose in high-risk groups.

Analysing Anti-HBS Titer Levels in Vaccinated Students of Dentistry in A Tertiary Care Hospital

“…7 In majority circumstances antibody titers fail to increase due to either improper vaccination or loss of immune response. 8 In long-term follow-up studies of individuals who received 3 doses of the hepatitis B vaccine starting at birth, a significant portion of participants showed declining protection 5-15 years after the initial immunisation 9,10,11,12 and one of the study in India showed 11% to 24% of dental students had a moderate to poor immune response. 13 Similar studies in Pakistan found low anti-HBs titer levels of 25.8% among dental professionals and dental students in Karachi 14 and only 13.7% 15 of healthcare providers in Peshawar who had had vaccinations.Similar study among Multan dental students reported 46.7% of students who had never received vaccinations.…”