The Preventive Effect of A Magnetic Nanoparticle-Modified Root Canal Sealer on Persistent Apical Periodontitis

Abstract

Persistent apical periodontitis is a critical challenge for endodontists. Developing root canal filling materials with continuous antibacterial effects and tightly sealed root canals are essential strategies to avoid the failure of root canal therapy and prevent persistent apical periodontitis. We modified the EndoREZ root canal sealer with the antibacterial material dimethylaminododecyl methacrylate (DMADDM) and magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). The mechanical properties of the modified root canal sealer were tested. The biocompatibility of this sealer was verified in vitro and in vivo. Multispecies biofilms were constructed to assess the antibacterial effects of the modified root canal sealer. We applied magnetic fields and examined the extent of root canal sealer penetration in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that EndoREZ sealer containing 2.5% DMADDM and 1% MNP had biological safety and apical sealing ability. In addition, the modified sealer could increase the sealer penetration range and exert significant antibacterial effects on multispecies biofilms under an external magnetic field. According to the in vivo study, the apices of the root canals with the sealer containing 2.5% DMADDM and 1% MNP showed no significant resorption and exhibited only a slight increase in the periodontal ligament space, with a good inhibitory effect on persistent apical periodontitis.

Thermosensitive hydrogel with programmed dual-octenidine release combating biofilm for the treatment of apical periodontitis

“…Multispecies biofilm, a common form of root-canal bacteria, provided a more realistic representation of the complexity of root-canal infections [ 46 , 47 ]. Thus, it was used in our study as a crucial method of assessing the antimicrobial efficacy of intracanal medicaments.…”

Recent advances in metal nanoparticles to treat periodontitis

“…Additionally, with an external magnetic field, the modified sealer might broaden its area of penetration and have a considerable antibacterial impact on multispecies biofilms. The in vivo investigation found that the sealer with 2.5% DMADDM and 1% MNP had a good inhibitory effect on persistent apical periodontitis because it prevented considerable resorption and only slightly increased the PDL space at the apices of root canals [ 119 ]. Another research will examine how IONPs impact rat collagenase-1 (COL-1) and ALP levels as well as periodontal disease.…”