The problem of rape in India: a multi-dimensional analysis

Sharma, Radha R.; Pardasani, Rupali; Nandram, Sharda S.

doi:10.1108/ijmpb-10-2013-0061

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In contrast to study of Cheung and Hwang (2004), violent sexual activities like rape were mostly associated with asphyxia or road/railway accidents in females of the younger age group in India (Cheung and Hwang 2004;Sharma et al 2014;Madan and Sinha 2013;Crime in India 2012. Females at the age of 10-29 years are more susceptible to the major curses of our society such as rape and Bdowry death^.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

A comparative study on the death of unclaimed homeless males and females based on autopsy and circumstantial findings in a large North Indian population

Singh

Rupani

et al. 2015

J Public Health

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Aim Unclaimed homeless corpses in forensic settings constitute a big global problem. Unclaimed bodies for medico-legal autopsy have also shown an increased trend in the last few years in India. This study was done to identify the circumstances and establish a comparative pattern of death between male and female corpses based on autopsy findings. Study design Retrospective observational analytical study. Method and findings Autopsy and circumstantial-based findings of 5,542 unclaimed homeless corpses were reviewed comparatively between males and females brought to mortuaries between Jan 2004 to Dec 2013 in Lucknow, a major metropolitan city and tertiary care centre of India. Lucknow Province has a population that roughly equals that of the nation of Georgia or the US state of Louisiana. A total of 39,872 autopsy cases were registered mean time, out of which 5,542 (13.9 %) were unclaimed corpse. The majority of cases belonged to males (3,950, 71.3 %) as compared to females (1,592, 28.7 %). Most homeless unclaimed bodies in the case of the male group were in the age group of 40-49 years (23.3 %; p<0.001), while in the case of the female group it was 20-29 years (21.80 %; p<0.001). The least-affected age group in males was 0-9 years (4.8 %; p<0.001), while in the case of female it was 40-49 years (6.9 %; p<0.001). The most common cause of natural death in both males and females was chronic lung disease. Railway and road traffic accidents accounted for 15.5 % (p<0.001) deaths in males, whereas in females they accounted for only 8.7 % (p < 0.001). Violent sexual activity was present in 18.7 % (p<0.001) cases and associated with homicidal death in females. Asphyxial death was present in 10.9 % cases within the male group and was 10.6 % (p<0.001) of the cases within the female group. Cases of poisoning within the male group were 8.1 %, whereas it was 12.3 % (p < 0.001) within the female group. Poisoning was the main mode of suicide in females, while in the case of males our study reports it was asphyxial death. The majority of the cases were reported during the summer, while in the month of February the least amount of cases were reported. Conclusions This is the largest autopsy-based study of unclaimed homeless corpse from India which tries to identify the circumstances of death and to establish a comparative pattern based on factors associated with the deaths of the males and females. The age groups of 40-59 (43.6 % within gender) in males and 10-29 age groups (40.3 % within gender) in females were the most affected victims. Age, gender, weather conditions and socio-economic status played an important role.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

A comparative study on the death of unclaimed homeless males and females based on autopsy and circumstantial findings in a large North Indian population

Singh

Rupani

et al. 2015

J Public Health

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“… 38 Rape and other forms of sexual violence against women remain a taboo topic because not only does it result in physical harm of the victim, but it also disgraces and tarnishes the victim's psyche with devastating effect. 39 With family members reported to be the most common perpetrators of sexual violence against women, 40 the social implications and associated stigma of reporting such cases are even higher. In light of the current increased visibility of the issue, and dramatic upsurge in cases of sexual violence against women being reported, we as researchers are faced with the dilemma of either providing a means to shed light on this highly relevant issue, or comply with social customs and further fuel the stigma and lack of awareness by discounting the problem.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adapting the Trauma History Questionnaire for use in a population of homeless people with severe mental illness in Tamil Nadu, India: qualitative study

et al. 2021

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Background The Trauma History Questionnaire (THQ) is one of the most widely used traumatic event inventories, but its lack of validation makes it unsuitable for the millions of homeless people with severe mental illness in India, who are particularly vulnerable to trauma exposure. Aims To translate and culturally adapt the THQ for use in a population of homeless people with severe mental illness in Tamil Nadu, India. Method We used Herdman et al's model of cultural equivalence to conduct an in-depth qualitative assessment of the cultural validity of the THQ. Following several translations, conceptual, item, semantic and operational equivalence of the THQ was assessed through four focus groups with user-survivors (n = 20) and two focus groups with mental health professionals (n = 11). Results Several adaptations, including the addition of 18 items about relationships, homelessness and mental illness, were necessary to improve cultural validity. Three items, such as rape, were removed for reasons of irrelevance or cultural insensitivity. Items like ‘adultery’ and ‘mental illness’ were reworded to ‘extramarital affair’ and ‘mental health problem’, respectively, to capture the cultural nuances of the Tamil language. Findings revealed a divergence in views on tool acceptability between user-survivors, who felt empowered to voice their experiences, and mental health professionals, who were concerned for patient well-being. Providing a sense of pride and autonomy, user-survivors preferred self-administration, whereas mental health professionals preferred rater administration. Conclusions Culture significantly affects what types of events are considered traumatic, highlighting the importance of cultural validation of instruments for use in novel populations and settings.

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“…She told police that advocate borrowed money sometime ago. Now when I asked for money, he abused me and threatens to kill me (Dainik Jagran: Kanpur, July 24,2012)." This is a significant finding as the elderly women have, in general, relied upon the family members and relatives for physical and mental support.…”

Section: Victim-offender Relationshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the study has pointed out through news items that technological innovation, urbanisation and migration have significantly affected our value based social system because these changes have brought the technological innovation. This technological innovation has exposed individual to all kinds of violent behaviours and abusive behaviours which are the major factors behind the crime against elderly women [23,24]. Further, the study has found that that economic growth has brought to India problems inherent to rapid urbanisation and migration which have affected the contemporary way of life.…”

Section: Victim-offender Relationshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Crime against Elderly Women in India

Patel¹

2021

Frailty in the Elderly - Understanding and Managing Complexity

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The cases of crime against the elderly women are rising fast in India. Today, elderly women are facing many problems such as murder, theft, hurt, cheating and bag snatching by the both known and unknown persons. These problems have certainly affected the way of life and sense of well-being of the elderly women. They are also deprived to live a dignified life due to these problems. The study has two objectives; first objective understands the nature of crime against the elderly women and second objective examines relationship between elderly women victims and their offenders and also examines the impact of crime on physical and emotional well-being of elderly women. This study is based on content analysis. The data have been collected through two national newspapers, namely, Amar Ujala and Dainik Jagran from March 2012 to March 2013. Findings indicate that the elderly women have been victimised due to property and lack of proper adjustment. The study has also found in many cases that elderly women have been targeted by known persons.

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The problem of rape in India: a multi-dimensional analysis

Cited by 13 publications

References 16 publications

A comparative study on the death of unclaimed homeless males and females based on autopsy and circumstantial findings in a large North Indian population

A comparative study on the death of unclaimed homeless males and females based on autopsy and circumstantial findings in a large North Indian population

Adapting the Trauma History Questionnaire for use in a population of homeless people with severe mental illness in Tamil Nadu, India: qualitative study

Crime against Elderly Women in India

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