The Promises, Methodological Discrepancies and Pitfalls in Measurement of Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Diseases

Coupling Analytical Methods for Detection of Microparticles: The Possibilities for Improvement

“…Nowadays, there are several methods that currently used for the detection of number (flow cytometry technique, optical microscopy, Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis (NTA), dynamic light scattering) and characterization of structure and features (electronic and atomic force microscopy, fluorescent microscopy, Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) technique) of MPs [15,16].…”

“…Unfortunately, determination of MP size 50 nm and less remains to be serious limitation for this method [19]. Indeed, small-size MPs have a low refractive index and are heterogeneous in their size and composition that requires advanced methods for detection [15]. Therefore, some organelles and…”

The number of red blood cell-derived microparticles in predicting periprocedural adverse effects in acute STsegment elevation myocardial infarction patients

“…red blood cells) have exhibited a relation to severity of atherosclerosis and coronary obstruction [49]. Recent studies have shown that the circulating number of endothelial cell-derived MPs originated from activated or apoptotic cells may be markers with powerful independent predictive value in patients with acute myocardial infarction after PCI, although utility of endothelial cell-derived MP measurement is not strongly determined [50]. However, it has suggested that endothelial cell-derived MP assay could be incorporated into multiple biomarkers strategy based on troponins and creatinine kinase MB isoenzyme measurement to improve risk stratification for cardiovascular events in patients at high risk for cardiac death and cardiovascular events [51].The red blood cell-derived MPs in myocardial infarction.…”

The Secretome-Modified Endothelial Cell Microparticles: Novel Player in the Endothelium Reparation: The Role of Endothelial Cell-Derived Microparticles?

“…The floppase transports phospholipids in the opposite direction. Finally, scramblase being to Ca 2+ -dependent enzyme system exhibits unspecifically ability of moving of phospholipids between both leaflets of plasma membrane [27].…”