The questionnaire on factual and political knowledge: a review of the literature

Abstract

Political and factual knowledge are central concepts for political attitudes, civic competence, and the like. Although they have been studied for decades and employed as dependent or independent variables, a significant theme has not been analysed in detail: The construction of knowledge questionnaires. Through a lit- erature review, this article contributes to this discussion by presenting issues in questionnaires that hinder the study of this knowledge. Several significant themes have emerged to help implement questionnaires, ranging from the knowledge gender gap to online misbehaviour. Yet, the literature also emphasises the need for delving into some of these issues and including different countries in the analysis