Objective: Emergency Medicine as an independent medical specialty has a history of only about 30 years. However, emergency medical care has been practised ever since human civilization. As emergency physicians, it is necessary to know the evolution of Emergency Medicine throughout the centuries and its development in different parts of the World. Lessons learned in the past may guide our future development. Methods: Medical literature on evolution, development and history of Emergency Medicine were searched from the Medline, HealthSTAR and EMBASE. Relevant full text articles were retrieved through hospital library network. Information was also obtained through Internet and books on history of medicine. Results: Most of the articles were contained in the International Report Section of the Annals of Emergency Medicine. The historical development, the catalysts for change and the different models of modern emergency care were found to be interesting and enlightening. Conclusion: Emergency Medicine is still at its formative stage. Different models exist in different parts of the World. The specialty is rapidly changing and moving in different directions, both locally and internationally.