The Relationship among Precipitation, Application of Salt in Winter Road Maintenance and the Quality of Waterways and Soil around Motorway

Jandová, Vilma; Bucková, Martina; Hegrová, Jitka; Dostál, Ivo; Huzlík, Jiří; Effenberger, Karel; Ličbinský, Roman

doi:10.3390/w12082206

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The remaining months were characterized by lower concentrations. According to the literature, the highest concentrations of Na, Cl, and K occur most often in the summer months, which is associated with low precipitation and high temperatures [ 68 , 69 ]. Our research supports this relationship; however, in addition, we observed several factors that disrupted the seasonal pattern and caused inter-annual differences.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Effect of Climate and Anthropopressure on River Water Quality

Wieczorek

Turek

Wolf

2023

IJERPH

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This study was a continuation of our investigation of the spatio-temporal variability of the Bzura River’s water chemistry. Our research is of particular importance in the context of the recent ecological disaster on the Oder River and concerns the international problem of surface water contamination. The study area was a 120 km section of the Bzura River. We tested more measurement points and with a higher sampling frequency than those used in the national monitoring of river water quality. During two hydrological years, 360 water samples were collected. The selected parameters: electrical conductivity, temperature, dissolved oxygen, dissolved organic carbon, nitrates, phosphates, bicarbonates, chlorides, sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium were determined. Numerous results exceeded the Polish threshold limits. Spatio-temporal variability and water quality were assessed using principal component analysis (PCA), cluster analysis (CA), and water quality index (WQI) approaches. Many point sources of pollution related to urbanization, agriculture, and industry were detected. Moreover, due to the changing climatic conditions, a significant difference between temporal variability in both years was observed. Our results indicated that it is necessary to increase the number of measurement stations for surface water monitoring; it will allow for a faster detection of the threat.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Effect of Climate and Anthropopressure on River Water Quality

Wieczorek

Turek

Wolf

2023

IJERPH

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“…This helps to increase safety on roads in winter, as well as assisting with troubleshooting of roadworthiness, and providing an outlet for the ecological disposal of magnesium chloride. However, elements contained in spreading materials enter the air, water, and soil, affecting their natural state [ 93 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Variation, Chemical Composition, and PMF-Derived Sources Identification of Traffic-Related PM1, PM2.5, and PM2.5–10 in the Air Quality Management Region of Žilina, Slovakia

Jandačka

Ďurčanská

2021

IJERPH

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Particulate matter (PM) air pollution in the urban environment is mainly related to the presence of potential sources throughout the year. Road transport is one of the most important sources of PM in the urban environment, because it directly affects pedestrians. PM measurements were performed in the city of Žilina, Slovakia, at various road-traffic-related measurement stations over the course of several years. This paper evaluates changes in the concentration of the fine fraction (PM2.5), the ultrafine fraction (PM1), and the coarse fraction (PM2.5–10) over time. PM concentrations were measured by reference gravimetric method. Significant changes in PM concentrations over time due to the diversification of pollution sources and other, secondary factors can be observed from the analysis of the measured data. PM samples were subjected to chemical analysis inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) to determine the concentrations of elements (Mg, Al, Ca, Cr, Cu, Fe, Cd, Sb, Ba, Pb, Ni, and Zn). The seasonal variation of elements was evaluated, and the sources of PM2.5, PM1, and PM2.5–10 were estimated using principal component analysis (PCA) and positive matrix factorization (PMF). PM2.5 (maximum concentration of 148.95 µg/m3 over 24 h) and PM1 (maximum concentration of 110.51 µg/m3 over 24 h) showed the highest concentrations during the heating season, together with the elements Cd, Pb, and Zn, which showed a significant presence in these fractions. On the other hand, PM2.5–10 (maximum concentration of 38.17 µg/m3 over 24 h) was significantly related to the elements Cu, Sb, Ba, Ca, Cr, Fe, Mg, and Al. High correlation coefficients (r ≥ 0.8) were found for the elements Mg, Ca, Fe, Al, Cd, Pb, and Zn in the PM1 fraction, Cd, Pb, and Zn in PM2.5, and Ba, Sb, Fe, Cu, Cr, Mg, Al, and Ca in PM2.5–10. Using PMF analysis, three major sources of PM (abrasion from tires and brakes, road dust resuspension/winter salting, and combustion processes) were identified for the PM2.5 and PM1 fractions, as well as for the coarse PM2.5–10 fraction. This study reveals the importance of non-exhaust PM emissions in the urban environment.

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“…Among the substances used for ice prevention and removal, sodium chloride (NaCl) and calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ) are the most commonly used, and the criteria for using one or the other is determined by the minimum temperature. Sodium chloride is used at temperatures as low as −5 • C and calcium chloride is used when temperatures are even lower [13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sustainability 2021, 13, 5392 2 of 16 In addition, when the ice is formed, machines are sometimes needed for its removal, causing a serious deterioration in the asphalt pavement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minimizing Shadow Area in Mountain Roads for Improving the Sustainability of Infrastructures

et al. 2021

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The lack of sunlight on mountain roads in the wintertime leads to an increase in accidents. In this paper, a methodology is presented for the use of sunny and shady areas to be included as a parameter in road design. The inclusion of this parameter allows for the design of an iterative method for the projected infrastructures. The parameterization of the road layout facilitates the possibility of applying an iterative process of modifying the geometric elements that constitute it, examining different layout alternatives until a layout is achieved in which the surface area in the shady area is minimized, increasing the road safety and minimizing environmental impact. The methodology has been defined, generating and analyzing the results of the solar lighting study using a file in IFC format capable of integrating with the rest of the design elements (platform, signaling, structures, etc.) and thus obtaining a BIM format which allows the model to be viewed in three dimensions and moves towards 4D and 5D. The model used for the study was a high mountain road located in the province of Teruel (Spain). It is a road section characterized by successive curves in which several traffic accidents have occurred due to running off the road, partly because of the presence of ice on the platform.

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The Relationship among Precipitation, Application of Salt in Winter Road Maintenance and the Quality of Waterways and Soil around Motorway

Cited by 7 publications

References 41 publications

Combined Effect of Climate and Anthropopressure on River Water Quality

Combined Effect of Climate and Anthropopressure on River Water Quality

Seasonal Variation, Chemical Composition, and PMF-Derived Sources Identification of Traffic-Related PM1, PM2.5, and PM2.5–10 in the Air Quality Management Region of Žilina, Slovakia

Minimizing Shadow Area in Mountain Roads for Improving the Sustainability of Infrastructures

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