The Relationship between CO2 Emissions, Air Pollution, and Tourism Flows in China: A Panel Data Analysis of Chinese Provinces

Zikirya, Bahram; Wang, Jieyu; Zhou, Chunshan

doi:10.3390/su132011408

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Zhou et al [ 34 ] show that tourists also air quality take into account when they decide where to spend their vacation. Similar results are also presented in other works [ 35 , 36 , 37 ]. All of these findings should motivate public authorities, private organizations, and individuals in a community to act on reducing air pollution.…”

Section: Literature Reviewsupporting

confidence: 92%

Air Pollution Management: A Multivariate Analysis of Citizens’ Perspectives and Their Willingness to Use Greener Forms of Transportation

Puiu

Udriștioiu

Velea

2022

IJERPH

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The present research aims to understand how air pollution can be managed by public authorities, both central and local, starting from citizens’ perspectives on the issue. Air quality is a real problem, affecting people at multiple levels. Thus, we introduced the following variables to better understand the problem and to be able to formulate theoretical and practical implications for public management: the involvement of authorities in reducing air pollution; the involvement of citizens in reducing air pollution; financial incentives for citizens and companies for adopting behaviors that reduce air pollution; green investments in the city; the impact of air pollution on the community; and the need for independent bodies to monitor air pollution. The research methodology used is partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) and the required data were gathered from issuing a survey to citizens from the most important cities in Romania where pollution poses important challenges for the community and for the authorities. The results are useful to public managers in local and central institutions for creating better strategies meant to reduce air pollution, increase air quality, and improve the quality of the citizens’ lives.

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Section: Literature Reviewsupporting

confidence: 92%

Air Pollution Management: A Multivariate Analysis of Citizens’ Perspectives and Their Willingness to Use Greener Forms of Transportation

Puiu

Udriștioiu

Velea

2022

IJERPH

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“…In addition, several studies have found that negative impacts on the environment and biodiversity are most pronounced near tourist resorts [23,24]. Some scholars have found that tourism seems to be a major contributor to greenhouse gas emissions, and its air pollution cannot be ignored [25,26]. Among the above issues, the impact on greenhouse gas emissions is an important topic of long-term academic attention.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Carbon Emission Reduction Effect of Tourism Economy and Its Formation Mechanism: An Empirical Study of China’s 92 Tourism-Dependent Cities

Tong

Zhang

2022

IJERPH

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The tourism economy is regarded as an effective way to realize regional sustainable development. Hence, it is of great significance to explore whether and how tourism economy can alleviate regional carbon emission intensity. To this end, a structural equation model (SEM) reflecting the multiple pathways of the carbon emission reduction effect of tourism economy was constructed based on 92 tourism-dependent cities in China, and the existence and formation mechanism of the carbon emission reduction effect of tourism economy were empirically tested. The main findings are as follows: (1) The tourism economy has a significant carbon emission reduction effect in China. Although the direct impact of tourism economy on carbon emission intensity is significantly positive, the indirect impact is significantly negative and stronger than the direct impact. (2) The carbon emission reduction effect of tourism economy presents multiple pathways characteristics. There are single intermediary pathways such as Tourism Economy → Environmental Regulation → Carbon Emission Intensity, Tourism Economy → Opening-Up → Carbon Emission Intensity, and dual intermediary pathways such as Tourism Economy → Opening-Up → Industrial Development → Carbon Emission Intensity, Tourism Economy → Opening-Up → Innovation Capacity → Carbon Emission Intensity. (3) The formation mechanism of the carbon emission reduction effect of tourism economy presents obvious spatial heterogeneity.

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“…Domestic and foreign academic circles mostly use the concentration of single or several pollutants in the air (such as PM 10 , PM 2.5 , NO 2 , SO 2 , etc.) to measure air pollution degree or air quality (Churchill et al, 2020;Zikirya et al, 2021). Considering that haze pollution has been a serious problem in China in recent years, PM2.5 concentration can better reflect the harmful impact of air pollution.…”

Section: Control Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

How international students affect inbound tourism? Empirical evidence from 269 cities in China

2023

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the correlation and mechanism between international students and inbound tourism. Design/methodology/approach Taking 269 prefecture-level cities in China as a sample, bringing international students and inbound tourism into the same analytical framework, the paper applies the fixed-effects model, instrumental variables model and mediating effects model to investigate the impact of international students on inbound tourism. Findings International students significantly contribute to the increase in inbound tourists and tourism revenue in China, which remain valid after a series of robustness tests. When the relocation data of Chinese urban universities and faculties in the 1950s are used as an instrumental variable for the potential endogenous problems of international students, the results are still valid. Heterogeneity research shows that the impact of international students on inbound tourism has heterogeneous effects in different regions. In addition, the mechanism analysis shows that international students promote China’s inbound tourism mainly through two channels: the economic growth effect and the human capital effect. Research limitations/implications This paper provides evidence of the correlation between international students and inbound tourism in developing countries. However, as the data for the study are all from China, caution should be taken when applying the findings of this paper to other regions. Practical implications This paper provides evidence on the causal relationship between international students and inbound tourism in developing countries. However, as the data for the study are all from China, caution should be taken when applying the findings of this paper to other regions. Social implications This paper creatively finds out the instrumental variables of international students with academic education to deal with the potential endogenous problems, and then identifies the causal relationship between international students and inbound tourism. Originality/value This paper creatively finds out the instrumental variables of international students to deal with the potential endogenous problems and then identifies the correlation between international students and inbound tourism.

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The Relationship between CO2 Emissions, Air Pollution, and Tourism Flows in China: A Panel Data Analysis of Chinese Provinces

Cited by 16 publications

References 56 publications

Air Pollution Management: A Multivariate Analysis of Citizens’ Perspectives and Their Willingness to Use Greener Forms of Transportation

Air Pollution Management: A Multivariate Analysis of Citizens’ Perspectives and Their Willingness to Use Greener Forms of Transportation

The Carbon Emission Reduction Effect of Tourism Economy and Its Formation Mechanism: An Empirical Study of China’s 92 Tourism-Dependent Cities

How international students affect inbound tourism? Empirical evidence from 269 cities in China

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