The relationship between intestinal histology and function as shown by compensatory enlargement of remnant villi after midgut resection in chickens

Abstract

To demonstrate the relationship between intestinal histology and function, we investigated the possibility that compensatory enlargement of villi in the chickens' remnant intestine can be induced after 50% or 80% jejunal resection as well as after 50% jejunal plus 70% ileal resection. Compared with intact control chickens, operated chickens showed an almost similar body weight, nitrogen retention, and ether extract digestibility, an improved dry matter digestibility, and a much greater absorption of protein and ether extract by the remnant jejunum and ileum. This suggests an enhanced absorptive function of the remnant intestine. In these chickens, increased value of most light microscopic parameters, increased frequency of anastomosing of each villus, and increased number of protuberated epithelial cells appeared with an increase in the intestinal resection area. This suggests that intestinal villi and epithelial cells are hypertrophied in the remnant jejunum and ileum, and that intestinal villi adapt to activated intestinal absorptive function not by increasing their numbers, but by fusing together into larger villi. These findings demonstrate that intestinal histology is intimately related to intestinal function.

Eggshell Quality, Eggshell Structure and Small Intestinal Histology in Laying Hens Fed Dietary Pantoea-6®and Plant Extracts

“…The digestive functions could be considered the most limiting factors in production. Meimandipour et al (2010) and Yamauchi et al (2010) reported that small intestinal histology is markedly affected by dietary components and the histological changes in the small intestine correlate with small intestinal function. Thus, it is also possible that the presence of extraction of fermented wheat flour with Pantoea agglomerans and herb mixture could alter the intestinal histology and quality of eggshell.…”

Growth Performance, Carcass Quality, Visceral Organs and Intestinal Histology in Broilers Fed Dietary Dried Fermented Ginger and/or Fermented Corncob Powder

“…In scanning electron microscopy, the protuberated cells and deeper cells at the sites of recently exfoliated cells were observed in the 50 ppm DFG + 250 ppm FCP and 500 ppm FCP groups. These morphological changes in the protuberated cells [8] and in the deeper cells at the sites of recently exfoliated cells [16] are well known to indicate more activation than flat cells, suggesting that DFG and FCP can stimulate epithelial cell function at the ultrastructural level. This might be related to the presence of many kinds of nutrients in ginger, as shown in [19].…”

“…In light microscopy, intestinal villus length and epithelial cells on the villus apical surface are known to be related to intestinal function [8]. An increased villus height is paralleled by an increased digestive and absorptive function of the intestine due to an increased absorptive surface area [9].…”

Effect of Yogurt With or Without Probiotic Addition on Body Composition Changes and Immune System in an Obese Model

“…The HFD was made in the laboratory using the same balanced food by added with bovine lard and sugar (both for human consumption, purchased at the supermarket). The HFD contains 43 [19]. The probiotic and the started bacteria used in the yogurt elaboration can resist the adverse condition to gastrointestinal tract and arrive alive to the small intestine, without necessary to be included in a protect cover [20,21].…”

“…The gut histology is important not only for the nutrient absorption but also for the maintenance of the microbiota balance [43,44]. Studies on small intestine histology were conducted in order to determine whether the probiotic yogurt administration was effective in improving the disturbances on the length of the villi of the small intestine induced by obesity.…”