The Relationship Between Iron Status and Thyroid Hormones in Adolescents Living in an Iodine Deficient Area

Yavuz, Özlem; Yavuz, Taner; Kahraman, Cemil; Yeşildal, Nuray; Bundak, Rüveyde

doi:10.1515/jpem.2004.17.10.1443

Cited by 20 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Increased serum T3 and decreased resin T3 uptake was present in those with lower serum ferritin levels; however, free T3 and T4 index, serum T4 and TSH were not significantly different between those with low and normal ferritin. Yavuz et al (2004) evaluated the effect of iron status on thyroid hormone profile in adolescents living in a mildly iodinedeficient area in Turkey, and found that thyroid hormone levels of the children with anemia were not significantly different compared to children without anemia. No significant correlation was found between thyroid hormones and iron status.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for goiter in primary school girls in Qom city of Iran

Mousavi

Tavakoli²,

Mardan³

2005

Eur J Clin Nutr

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Objective: Goiter is endemic in Iran. The iodine deficiency disorders program was begun a few years ago in Iran, and the coverage of iodized salt is sufficient now. But, in a periodic yearly medical examination of primary school girls in Qom, the prevalence of goiter was above 30% in 2002. This survey was designed to study the risk factors of goiter in those students. Design: The study was a randomized (multistage, proportional simple random sampling) case-control study. Subjects and interventions: We selected and performed thyroid examinations in 1050 girl students in primary schools in Qom city of Iran in 2002. We found 284 cases: girls in primary schools had goiter in accordance with the clinical exam of World Health Organization classification. Among students who did not present with goiter in the clinical exam, we randomly selected 288 students as the control group. We used a questionnaire to evaluate them for the risk factors of goiter. Results: The mean7s.d. ages of cases and controls were 8.771.3 and 8.971.3 years, respectively. There is no significant difference between the two groups regarding history of soya, kale, turnip, fish, daily iodized salt usage, education and job of mothers, monthly family income, nationality, immigration and residential situation. By using multinomial logistic regression, we found that storage of iodized salt in open containers, odds ratio (OR): 2.201 (1.412-3.428); P-value o0.0001, medium socioeconomic situation (SES) of family, OR: 2.099 (1.029-4.282), P-value ¼ 0.041, district 2 of Qom city, OR: 2.880 (1.376-6.027), P-value ¼ 0.005, and district 3 of Qom city, OR: 2.051(1.032-4.078), P-value ¼ 0.041, were the major risk factors for goiter in this population. Conclusions: In this study, the main risk factors for goiter were storage of iodized salt in open containers, medium SES and also living in specific districts of Qom city. As the coverage of iodinized salt is over 95% in Iran, we advise the education of the family about storage of iodized salt in closed containers. We also recommend the study of the other risk factors of goiter in the different geographical areas of Iran, because of differences in the SES and nutritional habits.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for goiter in primary school girls in Qom city of Iran

Mousavi

Tavakoli²,

Mardan³

2005

Eur J Clin Nutr

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“…Bivolarska A et al, reported the firm association between T4 level and Hb (r= 0.217, p=0.33), on the other hand some other study like Yavuz O et al, reported no association between thyroid hormone and iron deficiency. 24 Thus, subclinical hypothyroidism and iron deficiency anemia are interdependent entities who do not come to notice until the vicious cycle augments both the disease processes. Given the overt nature of subclinical hypothyroid state, all patients presenting with iron deficiency should be evaluated for thyroid dysfunction, and all subclinical hypothyroid patients should undergo evaluation for iron deficiency and treated accordingly to break the vicious cycle.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of impact of subclinical hypothyroidism on iron status and hematological profile

et al. 2018

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Background: Thyroid hormones play an important physiological role to maintain balance of metabolism of entire human body. Erythrocyte abnormalities are frequently associated with thyroid disorder. Subclinical hypothyroidism, often a hidden entity, is associated with iron-deficiency anemia along with other hematological disorders. Thyroid hormones have a crucial role in metabolism and proliferation of blood cells. Thyroid dysfunction has profound effects on blood cells such as anemia, alters RBC indices including MCV, MCHC as well as iron stores. Present study was carried out to investigate and explore subclinical hypothyroid patients, to know the effect of subclinical hypothyroidism on hematological parameters and body iron store.Methods: This retrospective study included 200 newly diagnosed, untreated subclinical hypothyroid, and 200 healthy euthyroid individuals. The hematological parameters and thyroid profile of the subjects were assessed by the mean, standard deviation (SD). Student’s t-test was used to report our results, with p-value <0.05 considered as statistically significant.Results: In this study we have compared hemoglobin level, red cell indices, serum Ferritin among study group and euthyroid healthy group and found that mean hemoglobin, serum ferritin and RBC indices were significantly depleted in subclinical hypothyroid patient in comparison to euthyroid group. 37 of total 200 [18.22%] newly diagnosed subclinical hypothyroid patients was suffering from Iron deficiency anemia with significant number of patients having hemoglobin level less than 10 gm%.Conclusions: Iron deficiency anemia is quite common in Subclinical hypothyroidism and is often associated with depleted body iron store and complication of getting converted into primary hypothyroidism. As there is no significant clinical manifestation of SCH at earlier stages with anemia it is advisable to routinely investigate it for early detection allowing its early management.

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“…Human studies have provided equivocal outcomes. While a few studies found no significant association between serum thyroid hormone concentrations and iron status (93,94), others had different results. Lower serum T4 and/or T3 and higher TSH levels were reported in women with iron-deficiency anemia than in non-anemic controls, and iron supplementation partially normalized plasma thyroid hormone concentrations (95,96).…”

Section: Iron Deficiency Affects Thyroid Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%