The relationship between nutritional status with length of stay in 1-5 years old children with diarrhea at Wangaya General Hospital Denpasar

Abstract

Background: Diarrhea is still the second-largest cause of children under-five's mortality worldwide. Six million children die every year due to diarrhea and it mostly occurs in developing countries. The main cause of diarrhea deaths is due to malnutrition. In malnutrition there is an increase in the severity of diarrheal diseases, this makes malnutrition and diarrhea a vicious circle.Objective: To investigate the relation between nutritional status and length of stay under-five children with diarrheaMethod: A cross-sectional study was conducted from August 2018 to January 2019 using the consecutive sampling methods. The subjects were children aged 1-5 years old hospitalized for diarrhea at Wangaya Hospital Denpasar that fulfills the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The characteristics of the subject such as gender, children's age, birth weight, exclusive breastfeeding status, immunization status, degree of dehydration, mother’s employment, and economic factor.Result: A total of 42 patients were the subjects of the study. Of 10 subjects with wasted nutritional status, 7 (70%) subjects had long stays (> 4 days), and 3 (30%) others with a short length of stay (≤4 days). Most subjects aged 12-24 months were 52.4%. Most of the subjects were male (57.1%). The results of the analysis showed that nutritional status significantly affected the length of stay of diarrhea in children under five (p-value 0.001; PR 5.6; 95% CI 2.05-9.26).Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between nutritional status with the length of stay in children under five.

Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Lama Rawat Inap Pada Balita Dengan Diare Akut Di Rsud Abdoel Wahab Sjahranie Samarinda

“…5 Diare dapat berlangsung lebih lama pada anak dengan malnutrisi dikarenakan perlambatan regenerasi enterosit pascainfeksi dari bakteri invasif atau virus. 6 Ancaman paling parah yang ditimbulkan diare adalah dehidrasi. Dehidrasi terjadi akibat kehilangan cairan tubuh berlebihan lewat tinja dan muntah yang tidak digantikan.…”

“…Hal yang selaras ditemukan pada penelitian Budihardjo, et al (2020) yang menyatakan bahwa status gizi berhubungan signifikan dengan lama rawat inap pada balita dengan diare akut (p = 0,001). 6 Pada penelitian Iskandar et al (2015) ditemukan bahwa anak dengan gizi buruk mengalami diare yang lebih berat, durasi diare dan juga rawat inap yang memanjang. 21 Anak yang kekurangan gizi dapat mengalami atrofi vili yang menyebabkan hilangnya enzim disakaridase, perubahan permeabilitas usus, hipoplasia kripta, dan menyebabkan malabsorpsi.…”

“…5 Kerusakan enterosit pada vili-vili tersebut mengalami perlambatan regenerasi pascainfeksi dari bakteri invasif atau virus pada anak dengan malnutrisi. Hal ini menyebabkan proses penyembuhan diare yang lebih lama 6 . Selain itu, anak dengan gizi kurang/buruk juga perlu mendapatkan program pemulihan gizi, sehingga lama rawatnya dapat memanjang.…”