The Relationship Between Prostate Cancer and Metformin Consumption:  A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Study

Ghiasi, Bahareh; Sarokhani, Diana; Najafi, Farid; Motedayen, Morteza; Dehkordi, Ali Hasanpour

doi:10.2174/1381612825666190215123759

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Metformin, which is the most commonly used as oral anti-diabetic drug in the world, has been reported to lower cancer incidence and cancer-specific death [103,104]. Epidemiological studies demonstrated that metformin improves survival of prostate cancer patients [105,106,107,108,109,110,111,112], and may reduce incidence of prostate cancer [112,113,114].…”

Section: Potential Effective Drugs and Diets For Preventing Progrementioning

confidence: 99%

Main Inflammatory Cells and Potentials of Anti-Inflammatory Agents in Prostate Cancer

Hayashi

Fujita

Matsushita

et al. 2019

Cancers

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Prostate cancer is the most common type of cancer and the leading cause of cancer deaths among men in many countries. Preventing progression is a major concern for prostate cancer patients on active surveillance, patients with recurrence after radical therapies, and patients who acquired resistance to systemic therapies. Inflammation, which is induced by various factors such as infection, microbiome, obesity, and a high-fat diet, is the major etiology in the development of prostate cancer. Inflammatory cells play important roles in tumor progression. Various immune cells including tumor-associated neutrophils, tumor-infiltrating macrophages, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and mast cells promote prostate cancer via various intercellular signaling. Further basic studies examining the relationship between the inflammatory process and prostate cancer progression are warranted. Interventions by medications and diets to control systemic and/or local inflammation might be effective therapies for prostate cancer progression. Epidemiological investigations and basic research using human immune cells or mouse models have revealed that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, metformin, statins, soy isoflavones, and other diets are potential interventions for preventing progression of prostate cancer by suppressing inflammation. It is essential to evaluate appropriate indications and doses of each drug and diet.

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Section: Potential Effective Drugs and Diets For Preventing Progrementioning

confidence: 99%

Main Inflammatory Cells and Potentials of Anti-Inflammatory Agents in Prostate Cancer

Hayashi

Fujita

Matsushita

et al. 2019

Cancers

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“…In this sense, experimental studies have found that this biguanide could have anti-ageing and anticancer effects through many actions 36 . Nevertheless, results are not uniform; in fact, recent meta-analyses reporting no association between duration of metformin use and PCa [37][38][39] have been shown to be affected by high heterogeneity and publication bias.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Prostate cancer genetic propensity risk score may modify the association between this tumour and type 2 diabetes mellitus (MCC-Spain study)

Barrios‐Rodríguez

García‐Esquinas

Pérez‐Gómez

et al. 2021

Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis

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BACKGROUND: Some studies have reported an inverse association between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and prostate cancer (PCa), but results on this issue are still inconsistent. In this study, we evaluate whether this heterogeneity might be related to differences in this relationship by tumour or by individual genetic susceptibility to PCa. METHODS:We studied 1047 incident PCa cases and 1379 randomly selected controls, recruited in 7 Spanish provinces for the population-based MCC-Spain casecontrol. Tumour were classified by aggressiveness according to the International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP), and we constructed a PCa polygenic risk score (PRS) as proxy for genetic susceptibility. The epidemiological questionnaire collected detailed self-reported data on T2DM diagnosis and treatment. The association between T2DM status and PCa was studied by fitting mixed logistic regression models, and, for its association by aggressiveness of PCa, with multinomial logistic regression models.To evaluate the possible modulator role of PRS in this relationship, we included the corresponding interaction term in the model, and repeated the analysis stratified by PRS tertiles.RESULTS: Globally, our results showed an inverse association between T2DM and overall PCa limited to grade 1 tumours (OR ISUP=1 : 0.72; 95%CI: 0.53-0.98), which could be compatible with a detection bias. However, PCa risk also varied with duration of diabetes treatment -inversely to metformin and positively with insulin-, without differences by aggressiveness. When we considered genetic susceptibility, T2DM was more strongly associated with lower PCa risk in those with lower PRS (OR tertile 1 : 0.31; 95%CI: 0.11-0.87), independently of ISUP grade. 4 CONCLUSIONS: Our findings reinforce the need to include aggressiveness and susceptibility of PCa, and T2DM treatments in the study of the relationship between both diseases.

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“…During the peer review process of this manuscript, Ghiasi et al [48] also summarized the relationship between prostate cancer and metformin consumption but only included 11 observational studies. Compared with these previous studies, our meta-analysis only included cohort and nested case–control studies and the results indicated that metformin use was not related with the incidence of prostate cancer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metformin use and prostate cancer risk

Feng¹,

Zhou²,

Liu³

et al. 2019

Medicine

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Background: The relationship between metformin use and the risk of prostate cancer is still inconclusive. Therefore, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of all eligible cohort studies to evaluate a potential association of metformin use with prostate cancer risk. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed in PubMed and Web of Science databases through July 2018. A DerSimonian and Laird random-effects model was applied to calculate the pooled relative risk (RR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: Eighteen cohort or nested case-control studies were included in this study with a total of 52,328 cases. In a random-effect pooled analysis, metformin use was not significantly associated with the risk of prostate cancer (RR 0.97, 95% CI 0.80–1.16, P = .711). Statistically significant heterogeneity was identified among included studies ( P < .001, I 2 = 98.1%). Sensitivity analysis indicated that no single study dominated the pooled RR. Conclusion: The present large meta-analysis of cohort studies did not find an association between metformin use and prostate cancer risk.

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The Relationship Between Prostate Cancer and Metformin Consumption: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Study

Cited by 13 publications

References 67 publications

Main Inflammatory Cells and Potentials of Anti-Inflammatory Agents in Prostate Cancer

Main Inflammatory Cells and Potentials of Anti-Inflammatory Agents in Prostate Cancer

Prostate cancer genetic propensity risk score may modify the association between this tumour and type 2 diabetes mellitus (MCC-Spain study)

Metformin use and prostate cancer risk

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