The Relationship between Serum Vitamin C and Uric Acid Levels, Antioxidant Status and Coronary Artery Disease: a Case-Control Study

Abstract

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is among the main causes of death in adults. Increase of oxidative stress and defects in antioxidant defense play a major role in endothelium performance and are affecting factors in the progress of atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to measure serum levels of uric acid (UA) and vitamin C as well as the antioxidant status in patients with CAD, and compared them with those in healthy individuals. The present case-control study was performed on 44 cases and 44 controls. Demographic data and anthropometric indices were measured. The Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) were completed. After 12 hours of fasting,10 mL blood was sampled from the participants. Serum levels of UA, vitamin C, Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) were also measured. The data were finally analyzed by SPSS v22. A significant difference was observed between the groups in terms of UA and vitamin C. However, mean levels of MDA and TAC were not significantly different between groups. The differences between groups in terms of vitamin A, vitamin E, beta-carotene, zinc and selenium intakes were not significant either. A significant difference was detected between the groups in terms of vitamin C intake. Our results suggest that increase in UA and decrease in vitamin C in serum levels can be considered as risk factors for CAD patients. Due to a lack of any significant correlation between TAC and CAD risk in this study, further study with bigger sample size is needed.

Evaluation of the serum levels of Mannose binding lectin‐2, tenascin‐C, and total antioxidant capacity in patients with coronary artery disease

“…One reason for the lack of a significant association or increase in TAC in patients with CAD could be differences in TAC measurement methods. In a study of healthy smokers and nonsmokers, an increase in free radicals was found in smokers compared with nonsmokers 37 . However, in our study, serum TAC levels decreased in coronary artery disease, indicating the role of TAC in this disease 43 .…”

“…In a study of healthy smokers and nonsmokers, an increase in free radicals was found in smokers compared with nonsmokers. 37 However, in our study, serum TAC levels decreased in coronary artery disease, indicating the role of TAC in this disease. 43 The present study results indicate that serum MDA levels are significantly increased in smokers compared with nonsmokers with CAD, so smoking may also play a role in atherosclerosis.…”

“…An increase in oxygen free radicals has been reported in myocardial infarction. Increased oxidative stress and defects in the antioxidant defense system play an important role in endothelial dysfunction and are considered significant factors in the progression of atherosclerosis 37 . MDA is the end product of lipid peroxidation and one of the most efficient and comprehensive indicators of oxidative stress 38 .…”

Selenium as a Modulator of Redox Reactions in the Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases

“…Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a common CVD that is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Complex interactions between multiple genetic and environmental factors are involved in its pathogenesis [ 79 ]. An important factor in the development and progression of CHD is oxidative stress, which contributes to endothelial dysfunction.…”

Potential protective effects of Aloe vera gel on cardiovascular diseases: A mini‐review

“…Vitamins B, D, and E showed varying degrees of reduction in the incidence of CVDs. In addition, a case–control study showed that decreased serum levels of vitamin C were significantly associated with the risk of coronary heart disease (Torkzaban, Naeini, Hassanzadeh, & Namdari, 2020). In addition, two phytosterols called lophenol (Lo) and cycloartenol (Cy) are reported in AVG, which play an important role in the regulation of blood glucose (Shakib et al, 2019).…”