The Relationship between Social Support and Mental Health Problems of Peri- and Postmenopausal Women during the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic affects women’s mental health, because they are more predisposed to vulnerabilities and adverse impacts. Therefore, is important to find strategies for preventing and treating these mental health consequences in the female population. The main purposes of our study were to determine the level of social support received by peri- and postmenopausal women during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, as well as factors related to this level with reference to health status and sociodemographic variables. A total of 218 women in peri- and postmenopausal status participated in the study. The study assessed depression (Beck Depression Inventory), anxiety (the Spielberg State-Trait Anxiety Scale), climacteric symptoms (the Blatt–Kupperman Index), social support (the Inventory of Social Supportive Behaviors). The majority of the respondents had a moderate level of anxiety as a state (40.8%), a low level of anxiety as a trait (51.4%), no depressive symptoms (75.2%) and no climacteric symptoms (52.3%). Age was found to significantly correlate with anxiety as a state (p = 0.036). The anxiety as state was significantly stronger in people with higher education than in people with secondary education (p = 0.019). Professionally inactive women had more emotional (p = 0.05) and appraisal (p = 0.014) support than women who work. The analysis demonstrated no statistically significant correlation between social support and depression, anxiety or climacteric symptoms (p > 0.05). The majority of peri- and postmenopausal women had no depressive symptoms and/or anxiety symptoms. Professionally inactive women had more emotional and appraisal support than women who work. The analysis demonstrated no statistically significant correlation between social support and depression, anxiety or climacteric symptoms.

A COVID–19-járvány hatása a perimenopausában érintett nők életminőségére

“…Cybulska és mtsai a pandémia idején peri-és postmenopausában lévő nők körében 13,8% enyhe, 7,3% közepes és 3,7% súlyos depressziós tünetet találtak, továbbá mérsékelt állapotszorongás-(40,8%) és alacsony vonásszorongás-szintet (51,4%). Kutatásukban az életkor szignifikánsan korrelált az állapotszorongással (p = 0,036) [31].…”

“…Kutatásunkban emelkedettebb depresszióértékeket találtunk, mint a lengyel vizsgálatban Cybulska és mtsai: mintánkon az enyhe depresszió kategóriájába tartozott 36,7%, perimenopausában lévő nő (vs. 13,8%), középsúlyos 12,9% (vs. 7,3%) és súlyos depresszióértéket 8% (vs. 3,7%) mutatott; a zárójeles értékek a lengyel mintán mért eredmények [31]. Vizsgálatunkban közel azonos arányban voltak azok a nők, akik alkalmazták a felajánlott kezeléseket tüneteik enyhítésére, és azok, akik nem éltek ezzel a lehetőséggel (40,5%).…”