The Relationship between Soil Temperature and Volumetric Soil Water Content in Iraq using ECMWF Data for the Period (1980-2016)

Abstract

The Volumetric Soil Water Content (VSWC) and Soil Temperature (ST), are important factors in determining the phenomenon of desertification and agricultural drought, where soil temperature plays an important role in determining the date of flower growth. Surface evaporation and water leakage are also associated with climate-related evolution in terms of precipitation production and in the development of weather patterns. The methods adopted in the study depend on the monthly and annual mean of the four levels (L1, L2, L3, and L4) of the volumetric soil water content and soil temperature, taken from the European Centre Medium Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) for the time period thirty seven years (1980-2016), for selected stations in Iraq (Mosul, Baghdad, Rutba, and Basrah). The greatest value of the volumetric soil water content was recorded in Mosul, and the lowest value was recorded in Basrah. The greatest value of soil temperature recorded in Basrah, and the lowest value in Mosul. The relationship between volumetric soil water content and soil temperature is a very high negative correlation for thirty seven years for the selected stations (Mosul, Baghdad, Rutba, and Basrah).

An Interpretable Artificial Intelligence Based Smart Agriculture System

“…We have designed several rules for the fuzzy controller based on the correlation of soil temperature (ST) and soil volumetric water content (VW) [39]. Soil temperature and volumetric water content (VW) has a negative correlation.…”