The relationship between tourism and employment: evidence from the Alps-Adriatic country

Rotar, Laura Južnik; Gričar, Sergej; Bojnec, Štefan

doi:10.1080/1331677x.2022.2080737

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Several documents have provided empirical evidence confirming the relationship between tourism and employment creation, claiming that tourism is an employment-intensive sector (Bhattarai et al 2021). For example, in Slovenia, it was found that tourist arrivals exert a positive impact on the labor market (Rotar et al 2023). It has also been proved that tourism demand has a positive effect on employment in countries such as Cyprus, Greece, Israel, Malta, and Tunisia (Yılancı and Kırca 2023).…”

Section: Tourism Employment and Inflationmentioning

confidence: 96%

Tourism and Economic Misery: Theory and Empirical Evidence from Mexico

Sánchez López

2024

Economies

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The misery index (MI) was devised to summarize the most evident costs for a society, attempting to objectively measure the loss in general welfare. It has been remarked in the literature that economic growth exerts a negative impact on the MI; however, analyses of this relationship in the tourism field have been neglected. This study assessed the effectiveness of the tourism sector at improving welfare conditions by measuring the impact of tourism GDP on the misery index and providing a theoretical framework for the relationship between tourism and the MI. A quantitative analysis was conducted using quarterly time series data for the period 2005Q1–2021Q2. Firstly, the existence of a long-term relationship was tested by using the Toda–Yamamoto procedure, and secondly, by applying linear and nonlinear ARDL models. The main results show that tourism can help to reduce the loss of welfare mirrored by the MI. These findings have policy implications, as they provide evidence that expanding the tourism sector counters the MI, and, consequently, the economic malaises derived from it.

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Section: Tourism Employment and Inflationmentioning

confidence: 96%

Tourism and Economic Misery: Theory and Empirical Evidence from Mexico

Sánchez López

2024

Economies

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“…The PRD region takes the opportunity of building the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road and aims to build world-class tourism destination, with diversified tourism resources and rich cultural connotation. (7) There is a positive correlation between the population size factor and the CCD, but its influence gradually weakens, which has a great relationship with the gradual fade of the population dividend in the PRD region. (8) The optimization of industrial structure has a significant positive impact on the CCD, especially increasing the proportion of tertiary industry, which is beneficial to the coordinated development of economy and environment, thereby reducing the dependence on energy, and providing financial support for R&D of environmental protection technologies.…”

Section: Influencing Factors Of Ccd Of the Prd's Tee Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rapid growth of tourism industry has driven the boom of the catering industry, commerce, the hotel industry, the transportation industry, and other related industries. It has also optimized the industrial structure, increased employment opportunities, and promoted economic growth [7,8]. Meanwhile, stable economic development has provided infrastructure and construction funds for tourism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Coordination and Spatial–Temporal Characteristics of the Tourism–Economy–Environment Development in the Pearl River Delta Urban Agglomeration, China

Pang

Zhou

Zhu

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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The rise of mass tourism has encouraged rapid economic growth; meanwhile, the eco-environmental system has come under increasing pressure. To achieve sustainable development, it is critical to deeply explore the relationship and evolution characteristics between three subsystems: tourism, the economy, and the eco-environment. This study aims to develop a more comprehensive indicator system for evaluating the coupling coordination degree (CCD) of the tourism–economy–environment (TEE) system using statistical data from nine cities in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) urban agglomeration from 2010 to 2019. We investigated the spatial–temporal evolution characteristics and driving forces of the TEE system in the PRD using the CCD model and the geo-detector model. The research results show the following: (1) The comprehensive benefits of the TEE system have increased steadily over the past 10 years, whereas the benefits of the eco-environment subsystem have fluctuated and been relatively unstable. (2) Spatially, in terms of tourism development, the eastern regions of the PRD are more developed than the western regions, and the regions with the greatest tourism benefits have gradually shifted to the northeastern regions of the PRD. Economic development presented an imbalanced but relatively stable spatial pattern. Guangzhou and Shenzhen have been the two most economically developed cities over the past 10 years. The eco-environment development has fluctuated over time, revealing a spatial pattern of cities with low environmental benefits in the center and cities with high eco-environmental benefits in the surrounding regions. (3) The PRD’s TEE system has become more integrated, moving from moderate disorder to a model of high-quality coordinated development, demonstrating a spatial pattern in which the cities of high development coordination are located near the Pearl River Estuary, and the coordination decreases the further away they are from the estuary. (4) The major driving factors of heterogeneous TEE coordination development include eco-environment protection, opening-up policies, education investment, technological innovation level, and the regional economic development level. The results are expected to effectively promote economic, tourism, and environmental improvement in the PRD, as well as to provide policy recommendations for coordinated TEE development in other similar urban agglomerations.

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“…Južnik Rotar et al (2023) conducted a study covering the period 2000–2019 for the Alps Adriatic country (Slovenia). This study examined the relationships between variables using the Granger causality test.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing the relationship between employment and tourism: a fresh evidence from the ARDL bounds test with sharp and smooth breaks

Yılancı

Kırca²

2023

JHTI

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PurposeThis study aims to investigate the effect of the tourism sector on employment in 13 Mediterranean countries. In addition, the impact of economic growth and inflation rate, which are included in the analysis as control variables, on the employment rate are investigated.Design/methodology/approachFor this study, data from 1995 to 2018 and the ratio of the employed population, the number of international tourist arrivals, the annual growth rate of real gross domestic product (GDP) and the annual percentage change in the Consumer Price Index (CPI) were used. First, the authors investigated the relationship between variables using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Bounds Test with Sharp and Smooth Breaks. Then, after determining the significant cointegration relationship, the long-term and short-term coefficients were also estimated.FindingsThe results show a cointegration relationship for Cyprus, Greece, Israel, Malta and Tunisia. Tourism demand has a positive effect on all these countries and economic growth positively affects the employment rate only in Greece, Israel and Tunisia. Besides, the inflation rate has a negative effect in Israel and Tunisia and a positive effect in Malta. Overall, the authors' results provide important policy suggestions, such as the training of the employees in the tourism sector should be improved to keep up with the requirements of the times.Practical implicationsThe impact of the tourism sector on total employment varies from country to country. In particular, the employment creation policies of the sector need to be changed by taking technological changes into consideration.Originality/valueSince tourism is a labor-intensive sector, tourism's impact on employment is an important research topic. However, whether this effect applies to all countries is debatable. Furthermore, the development of technology can also reduce employment in labor-intensive sectors. Therefore, this research can be regarded as important as this research addresses such a critical current issue and suggests a novel econometric method such as the ARDL Bounds Test with Sharp and Smooth Breaks.

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The relationship between tourism and employment: evidence from the Alps-Adriatic country

Cited by 6 publications

References 64 publications

Tourism and Economic Misery: Theory and Empirical Evidence from Mexico

Tourism and Economic Misery: Theory and Empirical Evidence from Mexico

Exploring the Coordination and Spatial–Temporal Characteristics of the Tourism–Economy–Environment Development in the Pearl River Delta Urban Agglomeration, China

Testing the relationship between employment and tourism: a fresh evidence from the ARDL bounds test with sharp and smooth breaks

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