The relationship between tree species richness, canopy space exploration and productivity in a temperate broad-leaf mixed forest

Seidel, Dominik; Leuschner, Christoph; Scherber, Christoph; Beyer, Friderike; Wommelsdorf, Tobias; Cashman, Matthew J.; Fehrmann, Lutz

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2013.08.058

Cited by 78 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Therefore it depends very much on the nature of the respective rainfall event or the season under consideration if a diversity or species identity effect is detectable (Krämer and Hölscher, 2009). Fourthly, 3-D laser scans on the clusters showed that canopy space exploration, which is highly influential on throughfall, was not influenced by species diversity (Seidel et al, 2013). However, denser canopy crowns were found where Fagus was present, which might also partly explain why Krämer and Hölscher (2009) found decreasing Tf with increasing proportion of Fagus trees present for some of their measurement occasions.…”

Section: Throughfall and Stemflowmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…We also tested for possible effects of the wider neighbourhood on calculated water uptake on the clusters. Thus, Shannon biodiversity index was determined for a 20 m radius surrounding the centre point of each cluster (Seidel et al, 2013) and correlated with water uptake. As no significant relationship was found (data not shown), we are confident that the ascertained findings remain similar even at a wider spatial resolution.…”

Section: Soil Water Uptakementioning

confidence: 99%

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Diversity did not influence soil water use of tree clusters in a temperate mixed forest

Meißner¹,

Köhler²,

Hölscher³

2013

Web Ecol.

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Abstract. Compared to monocultures, diverse ecosystems are often expected to show more comprehensive resource use. However, with respect to diversity-soil-water-use relationships in forests, very little information is available. We analysed soil water uptake in 100 tree clusters differing in tree species diversity and species composition in the Hainich forest in central Germany. The clusters contained all possible combinations of five broadleaved tree species in one-, two-and three-species clusters (three diversity levels), replicated fourfold (20 one-species, 40 two-species and 40 three-species clusters). We estimated soil water uptake during a summer dry period in 0-0.3 m soil depth, based on throughfall and soil moisture measurements with a simple budgeting approach. Throughout the whole vegetation period in 2009, soil water uptake was additionally determined at a higher temporal resolution and also for a greater part of the soil profile (0-0.7 m) on a subset of 16 intensive clusters. During the dry spell, mean soil water uptake was 1.9 ± 0.1 mm day −1 in 0-0.3 m (100 clusters) and 3.0 ± 0.5 mm day −1 in 0-0.7 m soil depth (16 clusters), respectively. Besides a slightly higher water use of Fraxinus clusters, we could not detect any effects of species identity or diversity on cluster water use. We discuss that water use may indeed be a conservative process, that differences in tree-species-specific traits may be compensated for by other factors such as herb layer coverage and tree spatial arrangement, and that diversitydriven differences in water use may arise only at a larger scale. We further conclude that with respect to stand water use "tree diversity" alone is not an appropriate simplification of the complex network of interactions between species traits, stand properties and environmental conditions that have varying influence on stand water use, both in space and time.

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Section: Throughfall and Stemflowmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Soil Water Uptakementioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity did not influence soil water use of tree clusters in a temperate mixed forest

Meißner¹,

Köhler²,

Hölscher³

2013

Web Ecol.

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“…These differences in crown morphology, as well as inter-specific differences in height, can result in a more efficient packing of tree crowns within the canopy space and an increased light absorption by individual tree crowns of a given species and size in mixtures compared with monocultures (Bauhus et al, 2004;Forrester and Albrecht, 2014). However, canopy space filling seems more affected by morphological properties of the species in the mixture rather than by species richness itself (Barbeito et al, 2014;Seidel et al, 2013).…”

Section: Causal Explanationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…External factors, such as disturbances, silvicultural interferences and site conditions influence the structure and within-stand environment of the stand and thereby its functioning (Pretzsch, 2014). structure may contribute to better understanding changes in forest functioning, which may cause overyielding, underyielding or even transgressive overyielding as detected for mixtures of Scots pine and European beech (Pretzsch et al, 2015a,b;Seidel et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixing of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) enhances structural heterogeneity, and the effect increases with water availability

Pretzsch

Rı́o

Schütze

et al. 2016

Forest Ecology and Management

130

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a b s t r a c tThe mixing of tree species with complementary ecological traits may modify forest functioning regarding productivity, stability, or resilience against disturbances. This may be achieved by a higher heterogeneity in stand structure which is often addressed but rarely quantified. Here, we use 32 triplets of mature and fully stocked monocultures and mixed stands of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) located along a productivity and water availability gradient through Europe to examine how mixing modifies the stand structure in terms of stand density, horizontal tree distribution pattern, vertical stand structure, size distribution pattern, and variation in tree morphology. We further analyze how site conditions modify these aspects of stand structure. For this typical mixture of a light demanding and shade tolerant species we show that (i) mixing significantly increases many aspects of structural heterogeneity compared with monocultures, (ii) mixing effects such as an increase of stand density and diversification of vertical structure and tree morphology are caused by species identity (additive effects) but also by species interactions (multiplicative effects), and (iii) superior heterogeneity of mixed stands over monocultures can increase from dry to moist sites. We discuss the implications for analyzing the productivity, for modelling and for the management of mixed species stands.

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“…The proposed thinning intensities were based on common practice and current knowledge about growth, biology, production, cultivation and economics, e.g. as published by Poleno et al (2007), Seidel et al (2013) or Wilhelm and Rieger (2013). Trees in the experimental plot were classified using the Danish tree classification system (Peňáz, 1996, Table 1).…”

Section: Determination Of Thinning Treatment Intensitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Above- and below-ground tree parameters and their development after modelling of thinning in young elm stands

Šrámek¹,

Hurt²,

Čermák³

2017

Dendrobiology

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During the last century almost two-thirds of all elms were lost due to the Dutch elm disease. Therefore, elms are an endangered species with a lasting lack of knowledge about ecosystem functions of elms in forest stands. The study describes several above-and below-ground tree parameters and their changes after simulation of thinning in one young forest stand with dominant Ulmus laevis Pall. in the Czech Republic. The distribution of the leaves was measured using the 'cloud' technique. The absorptive root area was measured with the aid of the modified earth impedance method to evaluate below-ground tree parameters. Using allometric equations, it was possible to calculate certain tree parameters of individual trees as well as the entire forest stand. The modelling of four thinning intensities (low, medium, high and very high) helped to establish the changes of these tree parameters after treatment. The leaf area index of the stand was 5.6, the absorptive root area index was 1.7 and the total biomass of foliage was 8.5 Mg ha -1 prior to the treatment. The absorptive root area amounted to 30% of the foliage area. The exponential models were developed to predict the above-and below-ground tree parameters. Under the different thinning intensities, the following were found: a negative correlation with the number of trees for the leaf area index, the foliage biomass and the absorptive root area index. This knowledge is important in the process of maintaining the presence of endangered elms in forest stands and in ecosystem services (e.g. carbon storage) throughout Europe.

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The relationship between tree species richness, canopy space exploration and productivity in a temperate broad-leaf mixed forest

Cited by 78 publications

References 41 publications

Diversity did not influence soil water use of tree clusters in a temperate mixed forest

Diversity did not influence soil water use of tree clusters in a temperate mixed forest

Mixing of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) enhances structural heterogeneity, and the effect increases with water availability

Above- and below-ground tree parameters and their development after modelling of thinning in young elm stands

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