Uremia is a manifestation of end-stage renal failure and is a clinical syndrome shared by various advanced renal diseases. In recent years, the prevalence of uremia has been increasing. Maintenance hemodialysis therapy is used as the treatment of choice for uremia and is widely used. For uremia, the day-to-day treatment has a serious impact on the patient’s symptoms, causing a lot of unnecessary burdens to life. While imposing a severe symptom burden on patients, excessive sleep deprivation repair time can cause various risk injuries and further increase the probability of patient mortality. The resulting sleep deprivation can lead to the functional damage of multiple organs and systems such as the cardiovascular system and the immune system. Therefore, improving sleep quality can increase the survival rate of patients to a certain extent. There is less domestic attention to its related research, and there are not many discussions on the pathogenesis. Based on this, this paper proposes to explore the effect of hemodialysis on the sleep quality of patients with uremia under the support of intelligent data. In this study, it was found that MHD patients had various sleep quality problems, and the incidence of sleep disturbance was 61.78%. The experimental results in this paper show that the incidence of sleep disturbance in diabetic nephropathy is 89.7%. This may be combined with a series of complications in patients with diabetes, which in turn affects the quality of sleep in patients. It may increase patient mortality and affect patient quality of life and survival. Therefore, we should pay close attention to the prevention of various complications in diabetic dialysis patients, which will help to improve sleep quality.