The relationships between maize (Zea mays L.) lodging resistance and yield formation depend on dry matter allocation to ear and stem

Zhang, Ping; Gu, Shuangcheng; Wang, Yuanyuan; Xu, Chenchen; Zhao, Yating; Liu, Xiaoli; Wang, Pu; Huang, Shoubing

doi:10.1016/j.cj.2022.04.020

Cited by 26 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…PGR usually inhibits stem elongation and reduced biomass (Shekoofa and Emam, 2008). However, PGR increased the dry matter allocation to stem (Figure S7), in agreement with those reported in Zhang et al (2022). Therefore, we suggested enhanced lodging with increased dry matter allocation to stem (total biomass was reduced) and increased SC in the stem, would compete with kernels on carbohydrates, resulting in a negative correlation with kernel number and yield when lodging did not occur.…”

Section: Stem Scs Competed With Kernels For Non-structural Carbohydra...supporting

confidence: 89%

“…Proceeding studies have detected that the trade-off was existed between KN formation and lodging resistance in wheat ( Piñera-Chavez et al., 2016 ). In maize, lodging-susceptible cultivars yielded more than lodging-resistant cultivars ( Zhang et al., 2022 ). Moreover, negative correlations between yield and stalk lodging resistance were further confirmed, which suggested developing kernels may compete for assimilates with maize stem elongation ( Zhang et al., 2022 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In maize, lodging-susceptible cultivars yielded more than lodging-resistant cultivars ( Zhang et al., 2022 ). Moreover, negative correlations between yield and stalk lodging resistance were further confirmed, which suggested developing kernels may compete for assimilates with maize stem elongation ( Zhang et al., 2022 ). Berry et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reduced stem nonstructural carbohydrates caused by plant growth retardant had adverse effects on maize yield under low density

Qian

Ren

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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Enhancing maize lodging resistance with plant growth retardants (PGRs) is common in maize production. However, the underlying mechanisms of yield formation as affected by PGRs are still poorly understood. A field experiment contained PGR application (a mixture of ethephon and cycocel, EC) with normal (T1) and double (T2) doses and water control (CK) was conducted at four maize plant densities (4.5, 6.0, 7.5, and 9.0 plants m−2) in 2020 and 2021. In this two-year study, the grain yield and kernel number per ear (KNE) of EC treatments were reduced by 4.8–9.0% and 3.3–12.2%, respectively, compared with CK under densities of 4.5, 6.0, and 7.5 plants m−2 without lodging. However, under the density of 9.0 plants m−2, EC treatments had no pronounced effects on grain yield and yield components. Across all densities, EC significantly decreased the leaf area index (LAI), and the lowest LAI was recorded in T2. The concentrations of nonstructural carbohydrates (NSCs; starch and soluble sugar) in the stem were significantly decreased by 9.9–10.2% in T2 averaged all densities. The sucrose and starch concentrations in grains also declined in the EC treatments. The key enzymes (cell wall acid invertase, sucrose synthase, and adenosine diphosphate pyrophosphorylase) and grain polyamine concentrations showed a slight downward trend under EC treatments compared to CK. NSCs in stems and grains, kernel enzyme activities, and polyamines in grains presented significant positive correlations with KNE. Additionally, structural carbohydrate (SC; including cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin) concentrations in stems were improved with enhanced lodging resistance by spraying EC. Significant negative relationships were observed between SC with kernel number m-2 (KNM) and yield, suggesting that improved SC in stems might affect the availability of NSCs for kernel set. Although the lowest kernel weight and KNE were obtained at 9.0 plant m−2, relatively high LAI still ensured high KNM and high yield. Collectively, EC treatment increased SC in stems, enhanced lodging resistance of maize and reduced NSC availability for kernels, ultimately presenting adverse effects on maize kernel number and yield under relative low density.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Stem Scs Competed With Kernels For Non-structural Carbohydra...supporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Reduced stem nonstructural carbohydrates caused by plant growth retardant had adverse effects on maize yield under low density

Qian

Ren

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…TCGS-1694 with higher Pn, total dry matter, dry partitioning to leaf resulted in higher dry matter partitioning to pods at grain filling phase. In plants, the reproductive sinks compete for dry matter with the vegetative organs thereby decreasing dry matter allocation to vegetative phase during seed development (Zhang et al, 2022). However, this ph enomeno n may be sup planted by translocation of stored assimilates produced prior to pod/ kernel production in groundnut.…”

Section: Dry Matter Partitioning Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Moisture Stress on Dry Matter Production, Dry Matter Partitioning and yield in Groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.) Genotypes

Latha¹,

Anitha²,

Swethasree³

et al. 2023

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Background: Drought is a leading abiotic factor limiting groundnut production globally. Therefore, the screening and development of moisture stress tolerant groundnut genotypes is a key issue towards sustainable agriculture. Methods: An experiment was laid in a split plot design taking two conditions, control (T1) and moisture stress (T2) as main treatments and 7 genotypes of groundnut as sub treatments. Several morpho-physiological traits like dry matter production, dry matter partitioning, photosynthetic traits, relative water content, were measured after 10 days of stress imposition. Yield and yield attributes were also recorded at harvest along with drought tolerance index and principal component analysis. Result: Results showed significant differences among the genotypes at moisture stress and control conditions. Significant decrease was observed in chlorophyll content, total dry matter production, dry matter partitioning efficiency, relative water content, photosynthetic traits, except specific leaf area among all the genotypes. TCGS-1694 have been identified as moisture stress-tolerant genotypes in principal component analysis with higher efficiency interms of total dry matter production, photosynthetic rate, dry matter partitioning to pods, stress tolerance index, yield and yield attributes while Kadiri-6 has been identified as susceptible genotype.

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Varietal differences in stem assimilate translocation and lodging resistance of rice under reduced nitrogen input

Li,

Yang,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Agrosystems Geosci & Env

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The low translocation rate of stem assimilates and lodging under high nitrogen conditions are major factors limiting the realization of the yield potential of rice. The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the characteristics of stem nonstructural carbohydrates (NSCs) translocation and lodging resistance in different types of rice varieties and (2) elucidate the responses of stem NSCs translocation and lodging resistance to reduced nitrogen (RN) input. Field experiments were conducted using four types of rice varieties with two nitrogen levels, including normal nitrogen (NN, namely, farmer's practice, 225 kg N ha−1 for indica conventional and indica hybrid rice and 300 kg N ha−1 for japonica conventional and indica–japonica hybrid rice in Jiangsu Province, China) and 20% RN (180 and 240 kg N ha−1, respectively). The results showed that there were significant differences in the stem NSCs translocation and lodging index of the basal stem among different types of varieties; indica hybrid rice was the highest, followed by indica conventional rice and indica–japonica hybrid rice, while japonica conventional rice was the lowest. The high activities of α‐amylase, β‐amylase, and sucrose phosphate synthase may contribute to high stem NSCs translocation. Correlation analysis revealed that NSCs translocation was significantly positively correlated with 1000‐grain weight, grain yield, and lodging index, while it was significantly negatively correlated with dry weight/length, dry weight/volume, and bending stress of the basal stem. Compared with NN, RN significantly improved NSCs translocation and had no significant effect on the lodging resistance‐related traits of the basal stem or grain yield. Therefore, this research indicates that a 20% reduction in nitrogen input can maintain grain yield by enhancing stem assimilate translocation without lodging resistance reduction and consequently synergizing nitrogen reduction, high yield, and lodging resistance.

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The relationships between maize (Zea mays L.) lodging resistance and yield formation depend on dry matter allocation to ear and stem

Cited by 26 publications

References 62 publications

Reduced stem nonstructural carbohydrates caused by plant growth retardant had adverse effects on maize yield under low density

Reduced stem nonstructural carbohydrates caused by plant growth retardant had adverse effects on maize yield under low density

Effect of Moisture Stress on Dry Matter Production, Dry Matter Partitioning and yield in Groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.) Genotypes

Varietal differences in stem assimilate translocation and lodging resistance of rice under reduced nitrogen input

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