The Relative Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Among Parents and Siblings of Crohnʼs Disease Patients

Fielding, J. F.

doi:10.1097/00004836-198612000-00013

Cited by 62 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…A genetic link, as assessed by HLA typing, has not been found (88), but genetic predisposition is likely. There is a 30 times greater rate of Crohn's disease in siblings and 13 times greater incidence in first-degree relatives (83,85). Such a familial association, the occurrence of Crohn's disease in siblings and mono-and dizygotic twins (including those living apart since early childhood), and the rarity of Crohn's disease in half-siblings (21,29,85,145,205) indicate a genetic susceptibility or predisposition occurring as a recessive trait.…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Crohn's disease and the mycobacterioses: a review and comparison of two disease entities

1989

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Crohn's disease is a chronic granulomatous ileocolitis, of unknown etiology, which generally affects the patient during the prime of life. Medical treatment is supportive at best, and patients afflicted with this disorder generally live with chronic pain, in and out of hospitals, throughout their lives. The disease bears the name of the investigator who convincingly distinguished this disease from intestinal tuberculosis in 1932. This distinction was not universally accepted, and the notion of a mycobacterial etiology has never been fully dismissed. Nevertheless, it was 46 years after the distinction of Crohn's disease and intestinal tuberculosis before research attempting to reassociate mycobacteria and Crohn's disease was published. Recently, there has been a surge of interest in the possible association of mycobacteria and Crohn's disease due largely to the isolation of genetically identical pathogenic Mycobacterium paratuberculosis from several patients with Crohn's disease in the United States, the Netherlands, Australia, and France. These pathogenic organisms have been isolated from only a few patients, and direct evidence for their involvement in the disease process is not clear; however, M. paratuberculosis is an obligate intracellular organism and strict pathogen, which strongly suggests some etiologic role. Immunologic evidence of a mycobacterial etiology, as assessed by humoral immune determinations, has been conflicting, but evaluation of the more relevant cellular immunity has not been performed. Data from histochemical searches for mycobacteria in Crohn's disease tissues have been equally conflicting, with acid-fast bacilli detected in 0 to 35% of patients. Animal model studies have demonstrated the pathogenic potential of isolates as well as elucidated the complexity of mycobacterial-intestinal interactions. Treatment of Crohn's disease patients with antimycobacterial agent has not been fully assessed, although case reports suggest efficacy. The similarities in the pathology, epidemiology, and chemotherapy of Crohn's disease and the mycobacterioses are discussed. The issue is fraught with controversy, and the data generated on the association of mycobacteria and Crohn's disease are in their infantile stages so that a general conclusion on the legitimacy of this association cannot be made. While no firm evidence clearly implicates mycobacteria as an etiologic agent of Crohn's disease, the notion is supported by suggestive and circumstantial evidence and a remarkable similarity of Crohn's disease to known mycobacterial diseases.

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Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Crohn's disease and the mycobacterioses: a review and comparison of two disease entities

1989

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“…Es notoria la agregación familiar de la EII, ya que en un 10 a un 20% de los pacientes es posible encontrar algún miembro de la familia afectado y, en ocasiones, se ha comprobado concordancia familiar para el tipo EII e incluso para la localización de ésta 41,42,[46][47][48] . El riesgo de que se dé este proceso entre los hijos cuando ambos padres lo presentan llega a alcanzar al 33% de ellos.…”

Section: Epidemiología Descriptivaunclassified

Etiología multifactorial y parcelas patogénicas de la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal

Calabuig

Relloso

Cubero

2009

Gastroenterología y Hepatología

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“…Twin studies show a concordance of greater than 55% for Crohn's disease [59][60][61]. Mutations in a gene called NOD2/CARD15 are associated with Crohn's disease [62][63][64], and with susceptibility to certain phenotypes of disease location and activity [65]. The NOD2/CARD15 susceptibility does not apply to Chinese [66], Japanese [67], Korean [68], Tunisian [69] or Turkish [70] patients with Crohn's disease.…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Crohn's Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological evidence forMycobacterium aviumsubspeciesparatuberculosisas a cause of Crohn's disease

2007

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Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis is the causative agent of Johne's disease, a chronic enteritis in ruminants including cattle, sheep, goats, and farmed deer. Recently, this bacterium has received an increasingly wide interest because of a rapidly growing body of scientific evidence which suggests that human infection with this microorganism may be causing some, and possibly all, cases of Crohn's disease. Recent studies have shown that a high percentage of people with Crohn's disease are infected with M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis; whether the association of this bacterium and Crohn's disease is causal or coincidental is not known. Crohn's disease is a gastrointestinal disease in humans with similar histopathological findings to those observed in the paucibacillary form of Johne's disease in cattle. The search for risk factors in Crohn's disease has been frustrating. However, epidemiologists have gathered enough information that points to an association between M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis and Crohn's disease. This paper reviews epidemiological models of disease causation, the major philosophical doctrines about causation, the established epidemiological criteria for causation, and the currently known epidemiological evidence of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis as a possible cause of Crohn's disease.

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The Relative Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Among Parents and Siblings of Crohnʼs Disease Patients

Cited by 62 publications

References 0 publications

Crohn's disease and the mycobacterioses: a review and comparison of two disease entities

Crohn's disease and the mycobacterioses: a review and comparison of two disease entities

Etiología multifactorial y parcelas patogénicas de la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal

Epidemiological evidence forMycobacterium aviumsubspeciesparatuberculosisas a cause of Crohn's disease

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