The revised-Face, Leg, Activity, Cry, and Consolability scale: an Egyptian version

Shabana, Tarek; Ibrahim, Ahmed N.

doi:10.4103/roaic.roaic_36_17

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…An animal study about the effect of ketoprofen on pain behaviors after an incision revealed that ketoprofen has a modality-specific effect when it comes to pain behavior, causing a more calming effect on pain, 44 which may explain the decreased FLACC scores, considering that FLACC pain scoring is based on pain behavior. 38,45 For participants in the treatment group, curcumin and piperine effect might have also given additional effects on pain reduction, as shown in previous studies. [46][47][48] Alongside FLACC scoring, pain evaluation was also performed by analyzing the salivary PGE 2 level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Analgesic Potential Comparison Between Piperine-Combined Curcumin Patch and Non-Piperine Curcumin Patch: A Pragmatic Trial on Post-Cleft Lip/Palate Surgery Pediatric Patients

Maulina,

Purnomo,

Khamila

et al. 2024

JPR

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Purpose Despite its well-acknowledged analgesic potential, curcumin’s low bioavailability has been recognized. Piperine, a substance naturally contained in pepper, has been known for its effect on increasing curcumin bioavailability. To investigate the analgesic potential of curcumin and piperine addition to curcumin patch used as adjuvant therapy in the management of acute postoperative orofacial pain. Patients and Methods This pragmatic trial recruited 75 patients that underwent oromaxillofacial surgery at Unpad Dental Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia. Research participants were randomly assigned to three different groups: the first group that did not receive any intervention other than the post-operative standard treatment (POST), the second group that received POST and non-piperine curcumin patch, and the third group that received POST and piperine-combined curcumin patch. Participants’ pain intensity was evaluated by using the face, leg, activity, cry, and consolability (FLACC) pain scale and salivary prostaglandin-E 2 (PGE 2 ) level for two-time points, which were eight hours apart. All data were gathered and analyzed to compare the within and between-group differences. Results Within groups comparison of the FLACC scores for two evaluation points showed significant differences for all groups (p < 0.01). For salivary PGE2 analysis, a comparison of the non-piperine group to the piperine group also showed significant results. Yet, when all three groups were compared, regardless of the differences, the results were not statistically significant. Conclusion Despite of the proven efficacy of curcumin patch, the addition of piperine to the curcumin patch in the current study did not provide any significant effects. Further investigation is of importance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Analgesic Potential Comparison Between Piperine-Combined Curcumin Patch and Non-Piperine Curcumin Patch: A Pragmatic Trial on Post-Cleft Lip/Palate Surgery Pediatric Patients

Maulina,

Purnomo,

Khamila

et al. 2024

JPR

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“…The r-FLACC is a useful tool for assessing pain in children with Cognitive impairment due to its ease to use in a clinical setting and its use of both core and individual pain behaviors [ 6 ]. It has been used in Africa as well, precisely in study done by Shabana et al in Egypt for assessing pain in children with CP [ 7 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic pain among children with cerebral palsy attending a Ugandan tertiary hospital: a cross-sectional study

et al. 2021

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Background Children with cerebral palsy (CP) frequently experience chronic pain. The burden and severity of such pain is often underestimated in relation to their other impairments. Recognition and awareness of this chronic pain among children with CP constitute the cornerstone for caretakers and clinicians to improve the quality of life of those children. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of chronic pain among children with CP, and the factors associated. Methods A cross-sectional study of children with CP, aged 2–12 years, attending the CP rehabilitation clinic and Pediatric Neurology Clinic at Mulago Hospital, Uganda from November 2017 to May 2018. A detailed history and clinical examination were performed and the co-morbidities were determined. CP was classified using the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS), Manual Ability Classification System, Communication Function Classification System (CFCS), and the Eating and Drinking Ability Classification System (EDACS) and documented with the level of impairment in the different domains. Pain was assessed by using the revised Face, Legs, Activity, Consolability, Cry pain scale. Results A total of 224 children with CP were enrolled. The prevalence of chronic pain was 64.3%. The majority had spastic bilateral CP (77.8%), moderate pain lasting over 6 months, and none of them was on long-term pain management. Epilepsy (60.9%), behavioral problem (63.2%), hearing impairment (66,7%), learning problem (67,6%), dental caries (75%), gastro-esophageal reflux (75%), sleep disorders (79.5%), vision impairment (80%), and malnutrition (90%) were co- morbid conditions of chronic pain in children with CP in this study. The factors independently associated with chronic pain among children with CP were the GMFCS level IV & V, CFCS level IV & V, EDACS level IV & V, female children, and caretaker aged more than 30 years. Conclusions Two-thirds of children with CP attending rehabilitation in this hospital had chronic pain. None was receiving pain management. Chronic pain was associated with the presence of multiple co-morbidities and more severe disability. Rehabilitation and care programs for children with CP should include assessment of pain in routine care and provide interventions for pain relief in children with CP even at an early age.

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Behavioral measures of pain

Chorney¹,

McMurtry²

2021

Oxford Textbook of Pediatric Pain

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Though self-report has historically been considered the “gold-standard” measure of pain, behavioral observations are an important source of information and can address a number of limitations of self-report. In this chapter, we will review the current state of evidence on behavioral measures of pain in children and adolescents, including a brief discussion of future directions. We focus on measures that are considered to be well-established or have been included in recent systematic reviews, and provide an overview of the contexts of use (population, settings) and scoring method of each measure. We highlight areas of special consideration, including cross-cultural considerations, automaticity of behavior, and similarities and differences between behavioral conceptualizations of pain, fear, anxiety, and distress. To demonstrate the utility of behavioral scales, we also include a case study.

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The revised-Face, Leg, Activity, Cry, and Consolability scale: an Egyptian version

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Analgesic Potential Comparison Between Piperine-Combined Curcumin Patch and Non-Piperine Curcumin Patch: A Pragmatic Trial on Post-Cleft Lip/Palate Surgery Pediatric Patients

Analgesic Potential Comparison Between Piperine-Combined Curcumin Patch and Non-Piperine Curcumin Patch: A Pragmatic Trial on Post-Cleft Lip/Palate Surgery Pediatric Patients

Chronic pain among children with cerebral palsy attending a Ugandan tertiary hospital: a cross-sectional study

Behavioral measures of pain

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