The rib cage: a new element in the spinopelvic chain

Abstract

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Spinal posture, mobility, and position sense in adolescents with chest wall deformities: a comparison of pectus excavatum, pectus carinatum and healthy peers

“…It provides a strong framework for the attachment of spinal and abdominal muscles and supports spinal stability and motion through muscular and ligamentous stabilization [ 7 , 8 ]. To keep spinal alignment and mobility in balance, the geometry and kinematics of the rib cage are important [ 9 ]. Therefore, the rib cage acts as a fourth spinal column, especially in the thoracic section [ 8 ] and it may be seen as a new element in the spinopelvic chain [ 9 ].…”

“…To keep spinal alignment and mobility in balance, the geometry and kinematics of the rib cage are important [ 9 ]. Therefore, the rib cage acts as a fourth spinal column, especially in the thoracic section [ 8 ] and it may be seen as a new element in the spinopelvic chain [ 9 ]. Based on this conception, alteration in rib cage anatomic position and biomechanics like in chest wall deformities may result in disorders of spinal alignment and biomechanics [ 7 , 10 , 11 ].…”

Coupling Between Posture and Respiration Among the Postural Chain: Toward a Screening Tool for Respiratory-Related Balance Disorders

“…The diaphragm, the main inspiratory muscle, also has a postural stabilizing action during trunk rotation [4], upper limb motion [5] and repetitive postural task [6]. Secondly, because of the mechanical constraints it exerts on the thoracic spine, the rib cage is a crucial element of the postural chain [7]. The change in lung volume during breathing alters the orientation of the ribs relative to the spine [8] and is associated with large variations in thoracic kyphosis [9].…”