The Role of Carotid Arterial Intima-Media Thickness in Predicting Clinical Coronary Events

Hodis, Howard N.; Mack, Wendy J.; LaBree, Laurie; Selzer, Robert H.; Liu, Chaoran; Ci-hua, Liu; Azen, Stanley P.

doi:10.7326/0003-4819-128-4-199802150-00002

Cited by 1,121 publications

(714 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…22 IM thickening was diagnosed when common carotid IMT exceeded 0.8 mm. 23 As previously reported in our laboratory the intraobserver and the interobserver coefficients of variation for LV mass index are 7.4% and 8.6%, respectively, and for common carotid IMT 9.2% and 10.1%. 24,25 Retinography All subjects underwent a bilateral non-mydriatic retinography (Topcon TRC-NW 3 ).…”

Section: Carotid Ultrasonographysupporting

confidence: 73%

Left ventricular concentric remodelling and extracardiac target organ damage in essential hypertension

et al. 2002

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Left ventricular (LV) concentric remodelling is an adaptive change in cardiac geometry frequently observed in arterial hypertension. This study was addressed to investigate the extent of extracardiac target organ damage (TOD) in patients with LV concentric remodelling. Two groups of never-treated essential hypertensives, 31 with normal LV geometry (group I, relative wall thickness: 0.39) and 31 with LV concentric remodelling (group II, relative wall thickness: 0.47) matched for age, sex, body mass index and mean 24-h systolic blood pressure (BP), were included in the study. They underwent clinical and laboratory examination, 24-h ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM), 24-h urinary collection for microalbuminuria, non-mydriatic photography of ocular fundi, echocardiography and carotid ultrasonography. In both groups age (I: 51 ؎ 11 years; II: 51 ؎ 11

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Section: Carotid Ultrasonographysupporting

confidence: 73%

Left ventricular concentric remodelling and extracardiac target organ damage in essential hypertension

et al. 2002

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“…Computer-aided analysis of eNOS protein revealed that mutation of the Glu298Asp modifies the particle conformation, 31 suggesting that the presence of the 298Asp allele Carotid IMT is related to the frequency of cardiovascular diseases and is a risk factor for cardiovascular events. 35,36 The higher risk for the development of symptoms of vascular remodelling and early atherosclerosis in carriers of the 298Asp allele of eNOS gene in the present study may suggest that the associated altered eNOS protein structure aggravates atherosclerotic mechanisms. Increased IMT might be also associated with older age, male gender or higher systolic blood pressure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Ambulatory blood pressure, left ventricular mass and vascular phenotypes in relation to the endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene Glu298Asp and intron 4 polymorphisms in a population-based family study

et al. 2005

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Reduced nitric oxide production is associated with pathological changes in the cardiovascular system. In a study of randomly chosen families, we analysed the relationship between two polymorphisms (Glu298Asp and intron 4) of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and ambulatory blood pressure (ABP), left ventricular mass index (LVMI) and vascular phenotypes. The study population consisted of 127 parents and 167 offspring. All subjects underwent 24 h ABP monitoring using a SpaceLabs 90207 device. 2D and M-mode echocardiograms were obtained. Pulse wave velocity between the common carotid and femoral artery was measured with the Complior s device, and the carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) was assessed by ultrasound. For statistical analysis, covariables and correlations between relatives were taken into account. The frequency of genotypes was as follows: for Glu298Asp:55.1%-Glu/Glu, 40.1%-Glu/Asp and 4.8%-Asp/Asp; for intron 4: 65.0%-4 b/b, 33.3%-4 b/a and 1.7%-4 a/a, being in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (PX0.29). There was no relationship between the eNOS gene polymorphisms and ABP or LVMI either in parents or their offspring. Among parents, carriers of the 298Asp allele had higher IMT values as compared with Glu/Glu homozygotes (0.94 vs 0.70 mm; P ¼ 0.007). Among offspring, there was a similar tendency (0.60 vs 0.53 mm; P ¼ 0.10), which was confirmed by transmission disequilibrium tests for quantitative variables (PX0.07). Our findings indicate that the Glu298Asp polymorphism of eNOS identifies patients with larger carotid IMT, also in younger subjects.

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“…IM thickening was diagnosed by the presence of an average IMT X0.8 mm in common carotid arteries. 24 Statistical analysis Statistical analysis was performed by the SAS System (version 6.12; SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA). Values are expressed as means7s.d.…”

Section: Carotid Ultrasonographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Ambulatory blood pressure, target organ damage and aortic root size in never-treated essential hypertensive patients

et al. 2007

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The relationship between ambulatory blood pressure (ABP), target organ damage (TOD) and aortic root (AR) size in human hypertension has not been fully explored to date. We investigated the relationship between ABP, different markers of TOD and AR size in never-treated essential hypertensive patients. A total of 519 grade 1 and 2 hypertensive patients (mean age 46712 years) referred for the first time to our outpatient clinic underwent the following procedures: (1) routine examination, (2) 24 h urine collection for microalbuminuria (MA), (3) ambulatory blood pressure monitoring over two 24 h periods within 4 weeks, (4) echocardiography and (5) carotid ultrasonography. AR dilatation was defined by sex-specific criteria (X40 mm in men and X37 mm in women). AR diameter was increased in 3.7% of patients. Demographic variables (body mass index, age and male gender), average night-time diastolic blood pressure (BP) (but not clinic or average 48 h BP), left ventricular mass index and carotid intima-media (IM) thickness showed an independent association with AR size in both univariate and multivariate analyses. When TOD data were analysed in a categorical way, a stepwise increase in the prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) (I ¼ 17.5%, II ¼ 27.6%, III ¼ 35.8%) and carotid IM thickening (I ¼ 20.9%, II ¼ 28.8%, III ¼ 34.4%), but not in MA (I ¼ 6.8%, II ¼ 9.1%, III ¼ 8.7%) was found with the progression of AR size tertiles. Our results show that (1) AR enlargement in uncomplicated never-treated hypertensive patients has a markedly lower prevalence than traditional markers of cardiac and extracardiac TOD; (2) night-time BP, LVH and carotid IM thickening are independent predictors of AR dimension.

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The Role of Carotid Arterial Intima-Media Thickness in Predicting Clinical Coronary Events

Abstract: Noninvasive B-mode ultrasonographic measurement of progression of intima-media thickness in the distal common carotid artery is a useful surrogate end point for clinical coronary events.

Cited by 1,121 publications

References 24 publications

Left ventricular concentric remodelling and extracardiac target organ damage in essential hypertension

Left ventricular concentric remodelling and extracardiac target organ damage in essential hypertension

Ambulatory blood pressure, left ventricular mass and vascular phenotypes in relation to the endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene Glu298Asp and intron 4 polymorphisms in a population-based family study

Ambulatory blood pressure, target organ damage and aortic root size in never-treated essential hypertensive patients

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