The Role of Deep Learning-Based Echocardiography in the Diagnosis and Evaluation of the Effects of Routine Anti-Heart-Failure Western Medicines in Elderly Patients with Acute Left Heart Failure

Abstract

Objective. The role of deep learning-based echocardiography in the diagnosis and evaluation of the effects of routine anti-heart-failure Western medicines was investigated in elderly patients with acute left heart failure (ALHF). Methods. A total of 80 elderly patients with ALHF admitted to Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital from August 2017 to February 2019 were selected as the research objects, and they were divided randomly into a control group and an observation group, with 40 cases in each group. Then, a deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) algorithm model was established, and image preprocessing was carried out. The binarized threshold segmentation was used for denoising, and the image was for illumination processing to balance the overall brightness of the image and increase the usable data of the model, so as to reduce the interference of subsequent feature extraction. Finally, the detailed module of deep convolutional layer network algorithm was realized. Besides, the patients from the control group were given routine echocardiography, and the observation group underwent echocardiography based on deep learning algorithm. Moreover, the hospitalization status of patients from the two groups was observed and recorded, including mortality rate, rehospitalization rate, average length of hospitalization, and hospitalization expenses. The diagnostic accuracy of the two examination methods was compared, and the electrocardiogram (ECG) and echocardiographic parameters as well as patients’ quality of life were recorded in both groups at the basic state and 5 months after drug treatment. Results. After comparison, the rehospitalization rate and mortality rate of the observation group were lower than the rates of the control group, but the diagnostic accuracy was higher than that of the control group. However, the difference between the two groups of patients was not statistically marked ( P > 0.05 ). The length and expenses of hospitalization of the observation group were both less than those of the control group. The specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy of the examination methods in the observation group were higher than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically marked ( P < 0.05 ). There was a statistically great difference between the interventricular delay (IVD) of the echocardiographic parameters of patients from the two groups at the basic state and the left ventricular electromechanical delay (LVEMD) parameter values after 5 months of treatment ( P < 0.05 ), but there was no significant difference in the other parameters. After treatment, the quality of life of patients from the two groups was improved, while the observation group was more marked than the control group ( P < 0.05 ). Conclusion. Echocardiography based on deep learning algorithm had high diagnostic accuracy and could reduce the possibility of cardiovascular events in patients with heart failure, so as to decrease the mortality rate and diagnosis and treatment costs. Moreover, it had an obvious diagnostic effect, which was conducive to the timely detection and treatment of clinical diseases.

Fully Convolutional Neural Network Deep Learning Model Fully in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Complicated with Peripheral Neuropathy by High-Frequency Ultrasound Image

“…The results showed that compared with conventional ultrasound, after high-frequency ultrasound imaging processed by the algorithm proposed in this study was used for the diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy in patients, the accuracy (94.0%), sensitivity (87.1%), specificity (97.1%), positive predictive value (93.1%), and negative predictive value (94.4%) were significantly improved. It suggests that the ultrasound image processed by the algorithm can improve the diagnosis effect of the disease [ 33 ].…”

Randomized Clinical Trials of Machine Learning Interventions in Health Care

“…were in cardiology or cardiac surgery 35,47,48,59 and involved electrocardiographic, wearable device, echocardiographic, or arterial waveform data. Two trials (5%) were performed in the neonatal setting, 26,28 evaluating seizures and physiological distress, and 3 studies (7%) were performed primarily among pediatric populations more broadly, 31,39,49 ).…”

“…Overall, 41 RCTs involving a median of 294 participants (range, 17-2488 participants) met inclusion criteria. 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 …”

“…The number of published RCTs increased substantially over the study period. Of the 41 included RCTs, 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 16 (39%) were published from January to October 2021 42 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 and 36 (88%) from January 2019 to October 2021 ( Figure 2 ). 26 , 27 …”

“… 26 , 29 , 42 , 47 , 50 , 57 In terms of qualities associated with generalizability, 20 RCTs 26 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 39 , 42 , 44 , 47 , 50 , 51 , 54 , 56 , 57 , 59 , 62 , 63 , 64 (49%) were conducted at multiple sites, and 21 RCTs (51%) were conducted at a single site. 27 , 31 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 40 , 41 , 43 , 45 , 46 , 48 , 49 , 52 , 53 , 55 , 58 , 60 , 61 , 65 , 66 Only 11 trials (27%) reported race and ethnicity ( Figure 2 ) 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 36 , 44 , 49 , 55 , 59 , 61 , 63 ; among those trials, a median of 21% (range, 0%-51%) of p...…”