The Role of Dendritic Cells in the Differentiation of T Follicular Helper Cells

Zou, Xueyang; Sun, Guangyu; Huo, Feifei; Chang, Lu; Yang, Wei

doi:10.1155/2018/7281453

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Strong TCR signaling and continuous antigenic stimulation play critical roles in favoring Tfh cell differentiation by upregulating BATF to promote Bcl-6 expression ( 86 – 90 ). The early differentiation of Tfh cells is sufficiently initiated by DCs predominantly localized to T cell zones of lymphoid organs, which are considered Pre-Tfh cells that upregulate Bcl-6 and CXCR5 and repress CCR7 expression, and Bcl6 + CXCR5 + Pre-Tfh cells are attracted by the chemokine CXCL13 (CXCR5 ligand) produced within the B cell follicle zones toward the T-B border ( 36 , 64 , 91 – 94 ). Pre-Tfh cells migrate to the T-B cell border and interact with cognate B cells to further upregulate Bcl-6, CXCR5, ICOS, PD-1 and IL-21 and downregulate CCR7 expression, which further drives GC-Tfh differentiation and maturation and GC formation.…”

Section: The Differentiation Of Tfh Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Follicular Helper T Cells in the Immunopathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 Infection

et al. 2021

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is a serious infectious disease that has led to a global pandemic with high morbidity and mortality. High-affinity neutralizing antibody is important for controlling infection, which is closely regulated by follicular helper T (Tfh) cells. Tfh cells play a central role in promoting germinal center reactions and driving cognate B cell differentiation for antibody secretion. Available studies indicate a close relationship between virus-specific Tfh cell-mediated immunity and SARS-CoV-2 infection progression. Although several lines of evidence have suggested that Tfh cells contribute to the control of SARS-CoV-2 infection by eliciting neutralizing antibody productions, further studies are needed to elucidate Tfh-mediated effector mechanisms in anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunity. Here, we summarize the functional features and roles of virus-specific Tfh cells in the immunopathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection and in COVID-19 vaccines, and highlight the potential of targeting Tfh cells as therapeutic strategy against SARS-CoV-2 infection.

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Section: The Differentiation Of Tfh Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Follicular Helper T Cells in the Immunopathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 Infection

et al. 2021

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“…The excessive production of NO from the dysfunctional iNOS was shown to be implicated in the pathophysiology of several disorders (Qidwai & Jamal, ). NO can contribute to the establishment of infection and the development of inflammatory diseases by affecting the function of immune cells (Zou, Sun, Huo, Chang, & Yang, ). NO is synthesized in the wound (S. Abd El‐Aleem, ; Del Rosso & Kircik, ; Malone‐Povolny, Maloney, & Schoenfisch, ), but its role in the repair process is still under investigations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellular and physiological upregulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase, arginase, and inducible cyclooxygenase in wound healing

El-Aleem

Abdelwahab

Am-Sherief

et al. 2019

Journal Cellular Physiology

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Wound repair is regulated by overlapping cellular, physiological and biochemical events. Prostaglandins and nitric oxide have been a focus for inflammation research particularly since the discovery of their inducible isoforms nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Study of the cellular expression of iNOS and COX-2 and arginase which competes with iNOS for its substrate, in an in vivo model of wound healing could reveal important roles for these enzymes in the physiological progression of wound repair. Adult male rats received full thickness dermal wounds which were harvested at different times. Protein levels and activities of the enzymes were assessed by western blot and biochemical assays respectively. The cellular distribution and the colocalization were assessed by immunostaining. The protein levels and activities of iNOS, arginase, and COX-2 increased only during the inflammatory phase of wound. Immunocytochemistry showed that the three enzymes were coexpressed and the main cellular source was inflammatory cells mainly macrophages. iNOS was induced at the wound site and was the earliest to increase significantly (p < 0.05) for only up to 3 days postwounding. However, arginase and COX-2 significant (p < 0.05) upregulation started at a later time points and continued for up to 14 days postwounding. Therefore iNOS, compared with arginase and COX-2, showed a temporal difference in expression during wound healing which could be explained by their products being required at different stages of the healing process.The coordinated expression of the three enzymes at different time points could account for the physiological progression of the healing process.

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“…Both LCs and DCs, as the main professional APCs of the skin, promote production of antibodies by regulating T follicular helper cells [ 29 , 30 ]. DCs/LCs involved in BP pathogenesis have been described.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin Is Implicated in the Pathogenesis of Bullous Pemphigoid by Dendritic Cells

Jin

et al. 2020

Journal of Immunology Research

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Objectives. Both thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) and dendritic cells (DCs) are involved in many autoimmune diseases, but the potential roles of TSLP and DCs in bullous pemphigoid (BP) have not been clarified. We sought to explore the contributions of TSLP and DCs in patients with BP. Methods. TSLP levels in sera and blister fluids were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The TSLP expression in the BP lesional skin was detected by immunohistochemical staining. Infiltration of DCs, marked by DC-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN), and its relationship with TSLP and TSLP receptors was evaluated by immunofluorescence staining. Results. We found that TSLP levels in sera and in blister fluids of patients with BP were higher compared to the control groups. In patients with BP, TSLP levels in sera correlated with TSLP levels in blisters. The expression of TSLP in the BP lesional skin was higher compared to the healthy controls’ skin. Greater numbers of TSLP-positive cells were observed in the epidermis of patients with BP compared to the healthy controls. Greater numbers of DC-SIGN-positive cells were present in the BP lesional skin compared to the skin of controls. The expression of TSLP was highly upregulated in DC-SIGN-positive cells, and most DC-SIGN-positive cells expressed TSLP receptors. Conclusions. We conclude that TSLP may activate DC-SIGN-positive DCs directly, which may be involved in the pathogenesis of BP.

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The Role of Dendritic Cells in the Differentiation of T Follicular Helper Cells

Cited by 9 publications

References 33 publications

Follicular Helper T Cells in the Immunopathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Follicular Helper T Cells in the Immunopathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Cellular and physiological upregulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase, arginase, and inducible cyclooxygenase in wound healing

Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin Is Implicated in the Pathogenesis of Bullous Pemphigoid by Dendritic Cells

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